STROOP效应及其反转：无意识和意识知觉

该研究基于Stroop效应确立了意识知觉和无意识知觉间的质的差异，刺激特性(呈现时间)的改变和注意的改变引起了非常类似的行为上的质差模式，二者在决定意识时存在着补偿作用。当色词短暂呈现而被无意识知觉时，被试在对靶颜色进行命名时不能利用色词提供的预期信息，从而反应时出现典型的Stroop效应；而通过增强刺激特性或提高注意水平可以使色词被有意识知觉。从而出现了Stroop效应的反转。

Typical and Reversed Stroop Effect: Unconscious and Conscious Perception

Qualitative differences in performance were established between unconscious and conscious perceptions. Variation of stimulus quality and variation of attention led to parallel effects, which showed that there were trade offs between stimulus quality and attention in determining awareness of stimulus. A typical Stroop effect, which occurred when the color words were presented for a short time and perceived unconsciously, could be reversed whether by increasing prime mask SOA or by increasing the level of attention to the color words to make them perceived consciously.