Hippocampal memory processes are modulated by insulin and high-fat-induced insulin resistance |
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| Authors: | Ewan C. McNay Cecilia T. Ong Rory J. McCrimmon James Cresswell Jonathan S. Bogan Robert S Sherwin |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA;2. WJB Dorn VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;1. Behavioral Neuroscience, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States;2. Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States;3. Hofstra North Shore-Long Island School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States;4. University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States;5. Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States;6. Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States;7. Biological Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States;1. Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC, USA;2. Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
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| Abstract: | Insulin regulates glucose uptake and storage in peripheral tissues, and has been shown to act within the hypothalamus to acutely regulate food intake and metabolism. The machinery for transduction of insulin signaling is also present in other brain areas, particularly in the hippocampus, but a physiological role for brain insulin outside the hypothalamus has not been established. Recent studies suggest that insulin may be able to modulate cognitive functions including memory. Here we report that local delivery of insulin to the rat hippocampus enhances spatial memory, in a PI-3-kinase dependent manner, and that intrahippocampal insulin also increases local glycolytic metabolism. Selective blockade of endogenous intrahippocampal insulin signaling impairs memory performance. Further, a rodent model of type 2 diabetes mellitus produced by a high-fat diet impairs basal cognitive function and attenuates both cognitive and metabolic responses to hippocampal insulin administration. Our data demonstrate that insulin is required for optimal hippocampal memory processing. Insulin resistance within the telencephalon may underlie the cognitive deficits commonly reported to accompany type 2 diabetes. |
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