代际工作价值观发展的研究述评

代际工作价值观的发展归结于社会文化的变迁。对代际工作价值观发展的研究契合了当前工作场所员工代际差异和冲突的研究趋势, 同时也有助于人们把握特定国家社会文化发展的脉络。这类研究是以“重大历史事件”作为划分“代”的主要标准, 以社会文化属性作为研究探讨的主要内容。目前, 多数西方的代际工作价值观研究发现, 西方国家的员工在工作中心化、利他观、内在工作价值观和外在工作价值观等方面呈现不同的发展规律。而我国由于社会历史文化的不同, 其发展趋势必然呈现不一样的特点。为此, 下一步的研究应在严格区别社会文化独特性的前提下, 采取合适的研究方法和“代”的划分标准, 重点研究工作价值观的“代单位”发展规律, 并拓展研究内容深度,特别是加强中国本土化研究力度, 这对于中国组织的人力资源管理有重要的借鉴价值。     

Bodily experience between selfhood and otherness

In opposition to traditional forms of dualism and monism, the author holds that our bodily self includes certain aspects of otherness. This is shown concerning the phenomenological issues of intentionality, of self-awareness and of intersubjectivity, by emphasizing the dimension of pathos. We are affected by what happens to us before being able to respond to it by acts or actions. Every sense, myself and others are born out of pathos. The original alienness of our own body, including neurological processes, creates shifting degrees of nearness and remoteness, and allows for pathological deviations such as depersonalisation, paranoia or trauma. Such a phenomenology of body crosses the borderlines of different disciplines.     

Does life satisfaction change with age? A comparison of Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Sweden

In this study, the relationship between age and life satisfaction was examined over a period of 27 years (1982-2009) in four countries—Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Sweden—using nationally representative samples of adults between the ages of 15 and 100 from the European Value Survey, the World Values Survey, and the European Social Survey (total N = 39,420). Unlike in Finland and Sweden, the relationship between age and subjective well-being in Estonia and Latvia was best described as curvilinear, with younger and older people having higher levels of life satisfaction. The observed age differences in life satisfaction in Estonia and Latvia, however, seem to be due to an interaction of cohort and period differences.