中国古代心理学思想中的注意问题

本文根据古代思想家的有关言论,探讨了他们的注意心理思想,即注意的慨念。特征,分心与分散,分配与集中,注意与感知、记忆、思维的关系,注意在学习中的作用。     

Cohésion–non-cohésion des scores composites : valeurs seuils et interprétabilité. L’exemple du WISC-IV

When interpreting the composite scores of the Wechsler Intelligence scales, some authors recommended to determine whether the composite scores are unitary or not. It has been suggested that when variability among scores is too large, then the composite score does not provide a good estimate of the psychological attribute, and is not interpretable. The first objective of the paper is to demonstrate that the cut-off threshold values (23 points and 5 points) proposed by some authors are inadequate. Other cut-off threshold values should be used. Most importantly, the second goal of this paper is to demonstrate that the notion of unitary abilities that was guiding principle of interpretation is also inadequate. Indeed, nonunitary index still provides relevant information.     

Stabilité à long terme des scores du WISC-IV : forces et faiblesses personnelles

Intelligence is considered as a stable trait over time; psychologists make predictions about the future performance of the child from the interpretation of the WISC-IV scores. However, stability at interindividual level does not necessarily imply stability at intra-individual level. By a test-retest procedure, the stability of categories that classify the performances, and the stability of the personal strengths and personal weaknesses are evaluated on a sample of 277 children aged from seven to 12 years. Categorical stability reveals that the classification into seven categories proposed by the designers of the WISC-IV does not allow reliable predictions. The stability of personal strengths and personal weaknesses is unsatisfactory for the different index scores.     

Scatter as an index of organicity: A comparison of mentally retarded individuals experiencing and not experiencing concomitant convulsive disorders

This study examined the validity of Wechsler subtest scatter as an index of organicity and convulsive disorders in a mentally retarded sample. Four different indices of scatter were studied. Only the Selz and Reitan (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1979, 47, 258–264) index was related to organicity. However, after the contribution of Full-Scale IQ was partialed out, no significant relationship remained. It was concluded that scatter has only minimal diagnostic utility in detecting organicity.Woodhaven Center is operated and funded under a contract between Temple University and the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare.