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15名被试在摄人酒精BAL≤0.5‰前后的四个时段内接受一套简单的运算操作任务,近2/3被试的认知一操作能力显示受酒精影响发生变异:酒后30分钟操作时间延滞,至60分钟更具显著性;同时,操作错误亦大幅上升,但变化趋势不同于操作时间。酒精干扰呈现认知“近视”与“远视”的迹象。 相似文献
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Novel structures for multiple hydrogen atoms trapped at a monovacancy are discussed. Using atomistic simulations based on semiempirical interatomic potentials and density functional theory, we find low-energy configurations for four, five, and six hydrogen atoms around a monovacancy different than those that have been previously studied in the literature. The energetics of hydrogen binding are compared to results, both theoretical and experimental, previously published in the literature. We argue that up to four hydrogen atoms may be exothermically bound to monovacancy. 相似文献
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Renos K. Papadopoulos 《The Journal of analytical psychology》1998,43(4):455-477
In this paper, destructiveness is approached as a multi-dimensional phenomenon where the mental health perspective addresses only one of these dimensions. An attempt is made to locate this phenomenon in the context of epistemological and societal considerations. Critical of mono-dimensional explanations based on causal-reductive epistemology, the paper instead proposes the idea of an 'ecology of destructiveness', according to which mental health professionals cannot possibly continue to assume the role of detached observers. The ordinariness and archetypal fascination of destructiveness are discussed as preventing the psychologizing and pathologizing of it. In addition, it is suggested that 'destructiveness may be a tragic facet of the human condition', without this implying any justification of it. Based on my work with a group of Bosnian ex-camp prisoners, some basic principles of how one can work with survivors of atrocities are derived and discussed. A central feature of this work is the attempt to create an appropriate therapeutic context within which a 'therapeutic presence' and 'therapeutic witnessing' can be developed. Finally, the relevance of Jungian insights to this kind of work is reviewed and the emergence of new types of defences of the self is identified. 相似文献
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采用项目法定向遗忘研究范式,在两个实验中分别使用情绪性语词和图片材料,考察主观努力程度影响情绪材料定向遗忘的心理机制。研究采用2(语词或图片情绪效价:正词/负词)×2(指示符:记住/忘记)×3(努力程度:20%/60%/100%)的被试内设计,因变量为情绪性语词或图片的再认率和定向遗忘效应。结果表明,正效价词在三种努力程度忘记条件的再认率无差别,而越努力去忘记负效价词,反而越能记住;正负效价的图片材料都呈现出越努力去忘记反而越能记住的特点。以上结果表明,语词与图片分别适合有意识加工和无意识加工,记住指令导致对情绪性语词和图片的选择性复述,符合选择性复述/被动衰退理论,而不同努力程度的忘记指令又引发了对情绪性语词和图片的主动抑制,符合注意抑制/执行控制理论。 相似文献
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探讨用于小儿放射检查的安全、有效的麻醉方法。选择60例1岁~8岁ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级小儿,分别采用单纯氯胺酮、咪达唑仑复合氯胺酮和异丙酚复合氯胺酮3种麻醉方法。观察3种麻醉方法的效果和安全性以及不良反应,辩证地分析3种麻醉方法的优缺点,思考小儿放射检查的合适的麻醉方法。 相似文献
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王志震 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(3):36-37,44
调强适形放射治疗是放射治疗100余年历史中的一个革命性进步,能使高剂量的立体分布适合外形非常不规则甚至怪异的肿瘤,调整靶区内诸点的输出剂量率,显著提高肿瘤放疗的疗效。近年计算机技术、放射物理学、放射生物学、分子生物学、影像学特别是功能性影像学的快速发展以及多门边缘学科之间的有机结合,为调强适形放射治疗提供在靶区三维精确模拟定位、立体定向定位摆位框架、逆向治疗计划系统、调强治疗机等方面的发展基础。调强适形放射治疗——多元化医学理论下的医疗方法将在学科交叉、综合发展中进一步巩固。 相似文献
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孟庆义 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(4):47-48
肾上腺素是临床上心肺复苏的一线药物,但在最近二十几年以来,其剂量应用方案几经变迁,从20世纪80年代的小剂量,到90年代大剂量方案的兴起,又经历了个体化方案阶段,近几年又重新回归到小剂量给药方案。从唯物辩证法的基本思想出发,阐述心肺复苏时肾上腺素剂量变迁的哲学基础,并运用辩证唯物主义原理来探讨肾上腺素剂量研究的发展方向,这将有助于心肺复苏研究的理论与实践。 相似文献
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Abraham P. Buunk Thecla M. Brakel Femke T.C. Bennenbroek Heidi E. Stiegelis Robbert Sanderman Alfons C. M. Van den Bergh Mariët Hagedoorn 《欧洲人格杂志》2009,23(6):475-487
The present study examined how the effects of three audiotapes containing different types of social comparison information on the mood of cancer patients depended on the level of neuroticism. On the procedural tape, a man and woman discussed the process of radiation therapy, on the emotion tape, they focussed on emotional reactions to their illness and treatment, while on the coping tape they focussed on the way they had been coping. A validation study among 115 students showed that the tapes were perceived as they were intended. The main study was conducted among 226 patients who were about to undergo radiation therapy. Compared to patients in the control group, as patients were higher in neuroticism, they reported less negative mood after listening to the procedural and the coping tape. Furthermore, as patients were higher in neuroticism, they reported less negative mood after listening to the coping tape than to the emotion tape. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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涎腺肌上皮癌是一种发生于涎腺的罕见恶性肿瘤,随着研究的深入,对其生物学行为及治疗争议较大,其中牵涉到很多矛盾的思想观点,如涎腺肌上皮癌的恶性程度与分型,诊断,颈淋巴清扫的选择,术后辅助放化疗的选择等。本文对其中所蕴涵的哲学思想进行反思,以期引导对涎腺肌上皮癌的科学认识。 相似文献