全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1290篇 |
免费 | 87篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 26篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 46篇 |
2019年 | 65篇 |
2018年 | 58篇 |
2017年 | 65篇 |
2016年 | 43篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 46篇 |
2013年 | 228篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 28篇 |
2010年 | 34篇 |
2009年 | 52篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 69篇 |
2006年 | 91篇 |
2005年 | 69篇 |
2004年 | 35篇 |
2003年 | 39篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 35篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1391条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
James Lindemann Nelson 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1992,13(4):319-328
Mary Anne Warren's claim that there is room for only one person with full and equal rights inside a single human skin ([1], p. 63) calls attention to the vast range of moral conflict engendered by assigning full basic moral rights to fetuses. Thereby, it serves as a goad to thinking about conflicts between pregnant women and their fetuses in a way that emphasizes relationships rather than rights. I sketch out what a care orientation might suggest about resolving gestational conflicts. I also argue that the care orientation, with its commitment to the significance of the partial and the particular, cannot be absorbed within standard, impartialist moral theory. 相似文献
3.
Hwe Ik Zhang 《Zygon》1989,24(4):447-456
Abstract. The position and role of humanity in the world of life is examined in the light of the ontological structure of life itself. This problem is approached by considering the possible units of life representing various modes of life phenomena. I argue that the only meaningful unit of life without interposing some special external conditions is "global life" framed in a star-planet system. Any other possible unit of life exhibited by various kinds of individuals is conditional in the sense that it would leave out an essential part as "co-life." The relationship between human being and the global life should be understood in this general scheme of individual and global life. It is emphasized, however, that human being occupies a unique position in global life in the sense that humanity can promote either a cancerous situation or a healthy higher-order enhancement of the global life. 相似文献
4.
Deborah E. Bender 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1989,10(3):239-249
The challenge of excellence in community health services has been taken up by medical educators in Colombia. Confronted with a nation where the primary indicators of disease mortality and morbidity (cardiovascular disease and infant mortality) were characteristic of First and Third World patterns, respectively, the Ministry of Health and La Asociacion Colombiana de Facultades de Medicina (ASCOFAME), representatives of institutions of medical education, have collaborated to conduct a needs assessment of the country's health needs and devised an implementation plan designed to better address the needs of the majority of that nation's people.As a model, the Colombian reorganization of medical education is an example which could be emulated by the U.S. where policy makers are struggling with troublesome questions of cost, equity and quality. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Peter D. Mott 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1990,11(2):95-102
The issues involved in decision making about the aggressiveness of future medical care for older persons are explored. They are related to population trends, the heterogeneity of older persons and a variety of factors involved in individual preferences. Case studies are presented to illustrate these points, as well as a review of pertinent literature. The argument is offered that, considering these many factors, a system of flexible, individualized care by informed patient preference, is more rational than the rationing of technological services by age. 相似文献
8.
Carol Taylor 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1990,11(2):111-124
In this paper a case is used to demonstrate how ethical analysis enables health care professionals, patients and family members to make treatment decisions which ensure that medical technologies are used in the overall best interests of the patient. The claim is made and defended that ethical analysis can secure four beneficial outcomes when medical technologies are employed: (1) not allowing any medical technologies to be employed until the appropriate decision makers are identified and consulted; (2) insisting that medical technologies be employed not merely to promote the medical interests of the patient but rather on the basis of their ability to contribute to the overall well-being of the patient; (3) challenging caregivers to reflect on the dynamic interplay between their conscious and unconscious values and consequent determinations of what is in the patient's best interests; and (4) providing a justification for selected interventions which makes possible rational dialogue between caregivers espousing different viewpoints about treatment options. 相似文献
9.
Jack W. Finney Kathryn M. Miller Stuart P. Adler 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1993,26(4):471-472
Child-to-parent transmission of cytomegalovirus may be reduced by increasing protective behaviors (handwashing and glove use) and decreasing risky behaviors (intimate contact between child and parent). This study showed that an educational intervention resulted in increases in reported and objective measures of protective behaviors and decreases in reported risky behaviors. Further study must determine if changes in protective and risky behavior are maintained and prevent cytomegalovirus transmission. 相似文献
10.
Unit price as a useful metric in analyzing effects of reinforcer magnitude. 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
R J DeGrandpre W K Bickel J R Hughes M P Layng G Badger 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1993,60(3):641-666
In this paper, we applied the behavioral-economic concept of unit price to the study of reinforcer magnitude in an attempt to provide a consistent account of the effects of reinforcer magnitude on behavior. Recent research in the experimental analysis of behavior and in behavioral pharmacology suggests that reinforcer magnitude interacts with the schedule of reinforcement to determine response rate and total consumption. The utility of the unit-price concept thus stems from its ability to quantify this interaction as a cost-benefit ratio (i.e., unit price = characteristics of the schedule of reinforcement divided by magnitude of reinforcement). Research employing the unit-price concept has shown that as unit price increases, a positively decelerating function exists for consumption (i.e., a function with an increasingly negative slope, when plotted on log coordinates) and a bitonic function exists for response rate. Based on these findings, the present analysis applied the unit-price concept to those studies of reinforcer magnitude and drug self-administration that examined the effects of reinforcer magnitude on response rate using simple schedules of reinforcement (e.g., fixed-ratio schedule). This resulted in three findings: (a) Reinforcer-magnitude manipulations and schedule manipulations interact in a manner that can be quantified in terms of unit price as benefit and cost factors, respectively; (b) different reinforcer-magnitude manipulations are functionally interchangeable as benefit factors in the unit-price ratio; and (c) these conclusions appear warranted despite the differences in reinforcers (food or drug), species (dogs, monkeys, or rats), and schedules (interval or ratio), and despite the fact that these studies were not designed for a unit-price analysis. In methodological terms, these results provide further evidence that employing the unit-price concept is a parsimonious method for examining the effects of reinforcer magnitude. In theoretical terms, these results suggest that a single process may underlie the effect of combined reinforcer-magnitude and schedule manipulations. 相似文献