自发性气胸致失血性休克诊疗策略

分析自发性气胸（spontaneous pneumothorax,SP）出现失血性休克时的临床特点、探讨诊疗策略。分析331例SP并失血性休克的病例资料。结果采用手术治疗者效果最佳。SP致失血性休克者多见于青年男性,多为胸膜顶粘连带出血,急诊微创手术是治疗发展方向。     

出血性脑血管病介入治疗进展

出血性脑血管病的介入栓塞治疗由于血管内辅助技术与各种栓塞材料的综合应用取得快速发展,主要有以下三个方面：（1）生物修饰弹簧圈、封堵球囊和支架技术的应用使复杂颅内动脉瘤的介入治疗成为可能;（2）非粘附性液体栓塞剂的应用提高了脑动静脉畸形和硬脑膜动静脉瘘的单纯栓塞治愈率;（3）带膜支架在颅底部巨大动脉瘤和创伤性动静脉瘘取得开创性应用。     

外科疾病的发热

发热是临床上的一种常见症状,引起发热的原因很多,只有找到发热的原因才能做出正确的处理。启动临床思维必须掌握充分的临床资料,然后进行周密的鉴别诊断思维程序,首先排除引起发热的其他科疾病,再考虑外科原因。感染是外科发热最主要的原因,如果是手术病人,特别应该想到和手术有关的各种感染问题。思维惯性、思维顺性和思维惰性的误导是误诊的思维原因。     

Facing Ourselves

At the time of this writing, a widely publicized, waived-consent trial is underway. Sponsored by Northfield Laboratories, Inc. (Evanston, IL) the trial is intended to evaluate the emergency use of PolyHeme^®, an oxygen-carrying resuscitative fluid that might prevent deaths from uncontrolled bleeding. The protocol allows patients in hemorrhagic shock to be randomized between PolyHeme^® and saline in the field and, still without consent, randomized between PolyHeme^® and blood after arrival at an emergency department. The Federal regulations that govern the waiver of consent restrict its applicability to circumstances where proven, satisfactory treatments are unavailable. Blood—the standard treatment for hemorrhagic shock—is not available in ambulances but is available in hospitals. The authors argue that the in-hospital stage of the study fails to meet ethical and regulatory standards.     

3例误诊为急性冠脉综合征实施介入诊治死亡病例的启示

探讨3例被误诊为急性冠脉综合征（ACs）而急诊实施介入诊治死亡病例的,搭床特点及误诊原因,提高对ACS的诊断意识。收集我院比较典型的3例误诊死亡病例进行回顾性分析。3例死亡病例中1例为肺栓塞、1例为主动脉夹层动脉瘤（AD）、1例为流行性出血热,3例均实施了冠状动脉造影,1例于前降支植入了1枚支架。ACS患者临床表现复杂,误诊原因多为首诊医师思路狭窄,应充分利用现代影像技术,仔细分析临床症状和体征,可减少误诊死亡的发生。     

Kaci Hickox: Public Health and the Politics of Fear

Kaci Hickox was a nurse who worked with persons who were infected with Ebola in West Africa. When she returned to the United States, the governors of New Jersey and Maine intervened to confine her to inpatient quarantine despite the fact that she was asymptomatic and had no serological evidence of infection. She defied the quarantine which resulted in enormous public attention and discussion of quarantine and public fear. This article summarizes the case discussing the history of the case, the government actions, and the final legal rulings.     

Obligations In Medical Crises: Treatment and Protocols

This article adduces several lines of argument to try to analyze the need for certain sorts of interventions in medical crises. The recent Ebola crisis is taken as exemplary, and other similarly serious medical situations requiring intervention, such as the endemic presence of Valley fever in parts of California, are alluded to. The overall contention is that our duties in medical crises may be somewhat stronger than previously constructed by analysts. The work of Kuhse and Singer is cited, and the article concludes that there are special moral obligations to respond to international medical emergencies when they arise.