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Scott A. Desmond 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2023,62(1):203-211
According to the antiascetic hypothesis, religiosity should be strongly related to behaviors that violate ascetic standards (getting drunk and using marijuana), but only weakly related to behaviors that violate social standards (violence and stealing). Using the second wave of the National Study of Youth and Religion, I tested the antiascetic hypothesis using a question about the most important basis for deciding what is morally right or wrong. Contrary to the antiascetic hypothesis, individuals who believe that God's law is the most important for deciding what is morally right or wrong, compared to those who believe that society is the most important, are not less likely to get drunk or use marijuana. Furthermore, for getting drunk and marijuana use, differences in behavior are not the result of different ethical standards (ascetic or social), but rather differences in the willingness to uphold those standards (is it OK to break moral rules). 相似文献
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A study of clinical medical ethicists was conducted to determine the various philosophical positions they hold with respect to ethical decision making in medicine and their various positions' relationship to the subjective-objective controversy in value theory. The study consisted of analyzing and interpreting data gathered from questionnaires from 52 clinical medical ethicists at 28 major health care centers in the United States. The study revealed that most clinical medical ethicists tend to be objectivists in value theory, i.e., believe that value judgments are knowledge claims capable of being true or false and therefore expressions of moral requirements and normative imperatives emanating from an external value structure or moral order in the world. In addition, the study revealed that most clinical medical ethicists are consistent in the philosophical foundations of their ethical decision making, i.e., in decision making regarding values they tend not to hold beliefs which are incompatible with other beliefs they hold about values. 相似文献
5.
Charles McDaniel 《The Journal of religious ethics》2016,44(1):116-147
Christian social thinkers who strongly support the free‐market system often have drawn connections between the social values of their faith and the ideas of Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek. Hayek's comments on religion, however, seem to predict its demise for the sake of progress, whereas his colleague Wilhelm Röpke posits “transcendent” religion and established moral traditions as essential to a humane economy. This essay contends that what Röpke described as “enmassment” has similarities to the present “financialization” of society, which involves the rising influence of financial values in all institutions, exaggerated emphasis on quantitative performance measures, and reliance on technical processes in lieu of human relationships. Röpke's “Christian humanist” philosophy advances the kind of ethical entrepreneurialism needed to morally sustain a global society experiencing enmassment and financialization simultaneously. 相似文献
6.
对伪医学现象的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
李冬华 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2000,21(7):19-20
伪医学是当今社会的普遍现象,给社会、家庭造成极大损失和危害。分析伪医学的滋生背景,并提出加强自身建设,加大科普宣传和媒体管理等扫除伪医学现象的对策。 相似文献
7.
Magun-Jackson S 《Science and engineering ethics》2004,10(2):219-224
Ethics has become an increasingly important issue within engineering as the profession has become progressively more complex.
The need to integrate ethics into an engineering curriculum is well documented, as education does not often sufficiently prepare
engineers for the ethical conflicts they experience. Recent research indicates that there is great diversity in the way institutions
approach the problem of teaching ethics to undergraduate engineering students; some schools require students to take general
ethics courses from philosophical or religious perspectives, while others integrate ethics in existing engineering courses.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to implement the integration of ethics in engineering education that is pedagogically
based on Kohlberg’s stage theory of moral development. 相似文献
8.
McGinn RE 《Science and engineering ethics》2003,9(4):517-542
A survey on ethical issues in engineering was administered over a five-year period to Stanford engineering students and practicing
engineers. Analysis of its results strongly suggests that important disconnects exist between the education of engineering
students regarding ethical issues in engineering on the one hand, and the realities of contemporary engineering practice on
the other. Two noteworthy consequences of these gaps are that the views of engineering students differ substantially over
what makes an issue an ethical issue, while practicing engineers exhibit significant disagreement over what is the most important
non-technical aspect of being a responsible engineering professional in contemporary society. These divergences impede the
recognition of ethical issues and of specific moral responsibilities of engineers in concrete professional practice. It is
argued that the use of suitably refined and probing surveys of engineering students and practicing engineers about ethical
issues in engineering is an important although neglected empirical approach to the study of engineering ethics. Such an approach
can enhance the prevailing case study method and combat over-tidy theoretical-analytical approaches to the subject.
When a train arrives at a station in the London Underground, a public announcement cautions passengers to “mind the gap”,
i.e. heed the space between the station platform and the carriage while entering or exiting.
An early draft of this paper was presented at the International Conference on Ethics in Engineering and Computer Science,
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, March 21–23, 1999. 相似文献
9.
This article focuses mainly on (1) the policy of Delft University of Technology since 1992 as regards the university-wide
introduction of a compulsory course on ethics and engineering, and (2) the ideal structure of such a course, including the
educational goals of the course.
Dr. G. J. Scheurwater is Senior policy-advisor to the Board of Delft University of Technology.
Prof. S. J. Doorman is Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Ethics of Delft University of Technology. 相似文献
10.
Wiener J 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2001,46(3):431-442
Implicit in Jung's alchemical metaphor of the vas bene clausum is the idea of an analytic frame with a space inside it for something vital, a relationship between two selves, to develop. For this to happen, analysts must respect their patients' rights to confidentiality. The paper explores the analyst's state of mind and the intrapsychic processes that are constellated when struggling with ethical dilemmas about issues of confidentiality in analytic work. The author suggests that at times when analysts consider breaking confidentiality, there is often a disturbing inner conflict between their moral principles (codes of ethics) and their internal personal ethical attitude. At these difficult moments, the mutuality of the work and the vas bene clausum can be significantly disrupted. The analyst tries to find a third position, a mental and emotional ethical space where the subjective and the objective, the ethical and the unethical can become more companionable bedfellows. 相似文献