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Mark Winborn 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2023,68(1):87-108
This article focuses on understanding and working with patients who have poorly developed symbolic capacity, or for whom symbolic capacity has been disrupted due to trauma, particularly as it pertains to the use of reverie and interpretation in the analytic process. Many patients who present for Jungian analysis will initially present with deficits in symbolic functioning. This situation results in necessary limitations or modifications in utilizing traditional Jungian techniques such as dream analysis, active imagination, sand tray and other expressive art techniques. The initial phase of analytic work with these patients requires a focus on developing their symbolic capacity before traditional Jungian techniques can be utilized effectively. During the paper Jung's concept of ‘the symbolic attitude’ will be examined as well as the conceptual models of Wilfred Bion and other post-Bionians who outline theories and method for cultivating symbolic capacity and reflective functioning in patients for whom these capacities are impaired or poorly developed. 相似文献
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Rumination is commonly considered detrimental to forgiveness. In contrast, we propose that different forms of post-transgression thinking are differentially effective for forgiveness, depending on their timing. Concrete thinking focuses on event details, whereas abstract thinking abstracts from details and views the event in a broader context. Following construal level theory, we propose that concrete thinking is increasingly ill-matched, and abstract thinking better matched, to the construal abilities and motivation afforded by psychological distance. Hence, over time, concrete thinking would be negatively, and abstract thinking positively, associated with forgiveness. Two correlational recall studies, with time since transgression measured (Study 1) or manipulated (Study 2), demonstrated that with greater temporal distance concrete thinking was more negatively, and abstract thinking more positively, related to forgiveness. Study 3 employed a prospective-longitudinal methodology over five time-points; intra-individual decrease in concrete thinking and increase in abstract thinking over time were related to higher levels of forgiveness. 相似文献
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The Sugeno adaptive fuzzy neural network using training data is a good approximation to model different systems. The large number of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) input features is a major challenge in using ANFIS and is not applicable with increased parameters. We present a solution for many input features solving modular problems; we created a multi-layer architecture of SUB-ANFIS (MLA-ANFIS) for this purpose. Different topologies were created with various combinations of multiple input features, and an error indicator was calculated for each combination of topologies. Finally, the best topology was chosen among the states with the highest possible performance. We implemented a multi-layered approach based on 365-day concrete compressive strength data with eight input features and the optimized MLA-ANFIS topology (5-3-1) for this purpose from different ANFIS topologies and neural networks. Finally, the results from five other datasets prove the impact of the proposed MLA-ANFIS approach compared to the neural network method. 相似文献
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Aaron Preston 《Axiomathes》2005,15(2):267-292
In this paper, I examine a puzzle that emerges from what J. P. Moreland has called the traditional realist view of quality instances. Briefly put, the puzzle is to figure out how quality instances fit into the overall structure of a concrete particular, given that the traditional realist view of quality instances prima facie seems incompatible with what might be called the traditional realist view of concrete particulars. After having discussed the traditional realist views involved and the puzzle that emerges from their juxtaposition, I propose an alternative realist view of quality instances which resolves the puzzle. In short, the puzzle is solved by treating the distinction between a concrete particular and its quality instances as a distinction of reason, and by adopting the view that the individuating element of a concrete particular must also serve as its unifying element – a view which Moreland, one of traditional realism’s most stalwart contemporary defenders, rejects. 相似文献
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中学生时间管理自我监控量表的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
时间管理自我监控是一个多层次多维度的心理结构,按其抽象程度的不同,可分为整体监控和具体监控两个层次,整体监控系统分为主动性、开放性和有效性三个维度,具体监控系统分为目标设置、时间规划、灵活性、自制力和检查评估五个维度。通过对832名中学生的测试结果进行分析,编制了具有较高信度和效度的中学生时间管理自我监控量表。 相似文献
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采用认知测试、查阅人类学资料、现场调查和谈话等多种方法,探讨了我国不同生产方式、不同地区和不同民族460名成人的具体认知、抽象认知和认知方式及其与生态文化因素的关系。研究结果基本支持了我们理论上所假设的社会文化因素与具体认知操作、抽象认知操作、认知方式的关系,即狩猎和城市社会的生态环境和生产方式对人施加一种生态压力,增进其个体的具体的和抽象的认知,促使其抽象型认知方式的形成;而在捕鱼、游牧和农耕社会的生态环境和生产方式的作用下,个体倾向于较低水平的具体和抽象认知操作以及具体型的认知方式。紧密的社会结构和强调服从的社会化过程,与其个体较低水平的具体和抽象认知及具体型的认知方式相关联;而松散的社会结构和强调自主性的社会化过程,与较高水平具体和抽象认知操作、抽象型的认知方式相联系。正规教育等现代化因素是促进人认知,特别是抽象认知的有力因素。 相似文献
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Paul Giladi 《International Journal of Philosophical Studies》2013,21(5):734-751
AbstractMy aim in this paper is to offer a Hegelian critique of Quine’s predicate nominalism. I argue that at the core of Hegel’s idealism is not a supernaturalist spirit monism, but a realism about universals, and that while this may contrast to the nominalist naturalism of Quine, Hegel’s position can still be defended over that nominalism in naturalistic terms. I focus on the contrast between Hegel’s and Quine’s respective views on universals, which Quine takes to be definitive of philosophical naturalism. I argue that there is no good reason to think Quine is right to make this nominalism definitive of naturalism in this way – where in fact Hegel (along with Peirce) offers a reasonably compelling case that science itself requires some commitment to realism about universals, kinds, etc. Furthermore, even if Hegel is wrong about that, at least his case for realism is still a naturalistic one, as it is based on his views on concrete universality, which is an innovative form of in rebus realism about universals. 相似文献
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Arthur E. Harriman 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2013,174(1):45-50
G. T. scores on the Army General Classification Test (AGCT) as indicants of intelligence were correlated with scores on the Creative Imagination Test (CIT) for two groups of men differing on intelligence. Results supported the prediction of closer correspondence of intelligence and creativity scores in a low intelligence range (r = .437, p < .01) than in a high intelligence range. Intelligence was unrelated statistically to creativity (r = .10) when only the high intelligence range above 111 was considered. Guilford's triagular scatterplot conceptualization of intelligence-creativity relationship seemed most congruent with the present and earlier data. Intelligence was described as allowing the development of creativity, but not insuring such development. Personality and environmental factors may be important in creativity expression especially at upper intelligence ranges. 相似文献
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