易、道相关"舆"象索隐

物象、象喻在<易经>和道家文献中的大量运用,不仅表现为一种修辞手段,而更表现为一种思维方式.破解其中的象喻是探得这些经典文献的理蕴以及相互之间的内在联系所必须的.道家文献与 <易经>在相关于"舆"象的象征意义上有很多相互关联之处.本文在道家思想受<易经>影响的认识基础上,对<易经>中的<坤>、<姤>、<剥>、<大壮>、<乾>等卦与道家文献的相关车舆之象的象征意义进行相互阐发,并据以对<易经>与道家文献中涉及到车舆之象的文句进行诠释,以此探讨道家文献与<易经>在内在思想上的异同关联.     

THREE COMPARATIVE MAPS OF THE HUMAN

Abstract. This article is a response to the 1994 Star Island conference on the "Decade of the Brain" from a Jewish perspective. After a brief introduction about the logical function of models and maps, I compare and contrast three models of the human: Ezekiel's vision of the chariot in the Hebrew Scriptures, Franz Rosenzweig's geometry of the human face in Der Stern der Erlosung (the Star of Redemption), and a standard anatomical picture of the human brain. Whereas Rosenzweigs face is seen to be compatible with Ezekiel's chariot, both are seen to be radically distinct from the implicit conception of what a human being is in modern medical science. I conclude with a suggestion that the differences are to be understood in terms of their different intended functions and express my hope for some new kind of model that will incorporate the functional advantages of both.     

《周易·姤卦》“金柅”考辨

《周易.姤卦》中有"金柅"一词,对于"柅"究竟是何物,前人主要有两种说法:王肃等人认为是织绩器;马融认为是车马器,是在车下阻止车轮转动的"止车木"。通过对《周易》经文的考察,我们认为"柅"虽然属于车马器,但并非是"止车木"。结合考古材料的研究成果,我们认为《周易.姤卦》中的"柅"就是古代文献中记载的"弭",也就是考古中发现的青铜弓形器。王肃等人以"柅"为织绩器也是有道理的,因为作为织绩器的"柅"与作为车马器的"柅"在语源上有相通之处。