"申池"考辨

“申池”是齐国苑围,魏晋以来,遗址失考。由于杜预一个“疑是齐都申门左右水池”的猜测,后来编人《康熙字典》《辞源》据以为真,遂成定论。根据《史记》《左传》《孟子》等大量相关资料的分析,实际地理位置环境条件、地方和村落名称、地下发掘等因素的多方考证。证明这一结论是错误的。“申池”是一个颇具规模的苑围,在当时的时水——现在乌河上游,以临淄区凤凰镇申桥为中心的方圆数十里的乌河流域地带。     

社交网站中的自我呈现对生活满意度的影响:积极情绪和社会支持的作用

采用社交网站中的积极自我呈现和真实自我呈现问卷、积极情绪量表、领悟社会支持量表和生活满意度问卷对武汉某高校645名在校大学生进行调查,探讨了社交网站中的积极自我呈现、真实自我呈现对个体生活满意的影响以及积极情绪和社会支持在其中的中介作用,结果发现:(1)社交网站中的积极自我呈现和真实自我呈现与积极情绪、社会支持和生活满意度都呈显著正相关;(2)真实和积极自我呈现对生活满意度都有显著的直接预测作用;此外,真实自我呈现还可以通过社会支持的中介作用对生活满意度产生影响,而积极自我呈现不仅可以通过积极情绪的单独中介作用对生活满意度产生影响,还能通过积极情绪-社会支持的链式中介作用对生活满意度产生影响。     

Inter-word eye behaviour during reading is not invariant to character size: Evidence against systematic saccadic range error in reading

The present study re-investigated the effect of character size on eye behaviour during reading, in order to test McConkie, Kerr, Reddix, and Zola's (1988 McConkie, G. W., Kerr, P. W., Reddix, M. D., & Zola, D. (1988). Eye movement control during reading: I. The location of initial eye fixations on words. Vision Research, 28(10), 1107–1118. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90137-X[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) Saccadic Range Error (SRE) hypothesis. This assumes that saccades are biased to move the eyes a constant, optimal distance in the task (i.e., range error), while aiming at the centre of peripherally selected target words. Results showed in contradiction with this hypothesis, (1) that the linear relationship between the eye launch site and the mean landing sites in words is not invariant to character size, and (2) that the optimal launch-site distance to the centre of words varies depending on the spatial extent of the words, and differs from the mean length of saccades in the task. We propose an alternative, Center-of-Gravity hypothesis, which a priori accounts for the launch-site effect and its variations with character size, and suggests that research in reading may benefit from reconsidering the role of character size.     

Aide à la prise en compte de contraintes liées aux utilisateurs lors de la conception d'un hypermédia : une étude auprès de concepteurs de sites Web

This study aims at supporting Web designers to consider more user constraints and addressed why designers focus on client constraints and experience difficulties considering user ones. Novice and professional Web designers had either to deal with ergonomic constraints or to ask an human factors specialist for any information they needed to create a site. Study results showed that client constraints were always considered as preponderant by designers regardless of whether or not they had been prescribed by the client. This contrasts sharply with user constraints which had to be prescribed to designers right from the beginning of their activities in order to be considered and respected.     

When Misery Avoids Company: Selective Social Comparisons to Photographic Online Profiles

Social networking site usage may affect subjective well‐being. Two experiments examined how selective exposure to profiles of other users facilitated mood management via self‐enhancing social comparisons. In Study 1, when given detailed impression management cues, such as photographs and status updates, users in a negative mood sought upward rather than downward social comparisons. Study 2 found that relatively low levels of group identification with the social networking site community led to upward social comparisons by users in a negative mood. High group identifiers spent more time viewing upward comparisons, regardless of mood. Regarding exposure effects, upward social comparisons to profiles improved subsequent mood when the comparison involved career success. High group identifiers experienced greater positive mood following upward social comparisons.