排序方式: 共有53条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
J. Harwood‐Jones 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2013,69(1-2):15-62
This article consists of three parts. The first explores the relation between paradox, de-paradoxication, and time, which I hold to be a relatively unattended yet very important tandem of concepts in Luhmann's work (Luhmann, 1993, 1995; Rasch, 2000). The second part will try to theoretically think through (de-paradoxicalize) a conundrum of present time: globalization and its opponents. In the third and last part, I briefly explore the paradox of conscious evolution, taking into account the specifics of the relations between social systems of communication and individual psychic systems in Luhmann's theory. 相似文献
2.
The so-called Preface Paradox seems to show that one can rationally believe two logically incompatible propositions. We address this puzzle, relying on the notions of truthlikeness and approximate truth as studied within the post-Popperian research programme on verisimilitude. In particular, we show that adequately combining probability, approximate truth, and truthlikeness leads to an explanation of how rational belief is possible in the face of the Preface Paradox. We argue that our account is superior to other solutions of the paradox, including a recent one advanced by Hannes Leitgeb (Analysis 74.1). 相似文献
3.
Stephen Read has presented an argument for the inconsistency of the concept of validity. We extend Read’s results and show
that this inconsistency is but one half of a larger problem. Like the concept of truth, validity is infected with what we
call semantic pathology, a condition that actually gives rise to two symptoms: inconsistency and indeterminacy. After sketching the basic ideas behind
semantic pathology and explaining how it manifests both symptoms in the concept of truth, we present cases that establish
the indeterminacy of validity and that link this indeterminacy with the concept’s inconsistency. Our conclusion is that an
adequate treatment of the semantic pathology thus revealed must deal with both of its symptoms. Further, it must extend to
the occurrences of this condition elsewhere: in the concept of truth, in the other central semantic notions, and even in certain
philosophical concepts outside semantics. 相似文献
4.
Alba Papa-Grimaldi 《Axiomathes》2008,18(3):339-358
Kant, in various parts of his treatment of causality, refers to determinism or the principle of sufficient reason as an inescapable
principle. In fact, in the Second Analogy we find the elements to reconstruct a purely phenomenal determinism as a logical and tautological truth. I endeavour in this
article to gather these elements into an organic theory of phenomenal causality and then show, in the third section, with
a specific argument which I call the “paradox of phenomenal observation”, that this phenomenal determinism is the only rational
approach to causality because any logico-reductivistic approach, such as the Humean one, would destroy the temporal order
and so the very possibility to talk of a causal relation. I also believe that, all things said, Kant did not achieve a much
greater comprehension of the problem than Hume did, in his theory of causality, for he did not free a phenomenal approach
from the impasse of reductivism as his reflections on “simultaneous causation” and “vanishing quantities” indeed show, and
this I will argue in Sect. 4 of this article.
相似文献
Alba Papa-GrimaldiEmail: |
5.
Timothy Chan 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):395-414
In this article I argue that two received accounts of belief and assertion cannot both be correct, because they entail mutually
contradictory claims about Moore’s Paradox. The two accounts in question are, first, the Action Theory of Belief (ATB), the
functionalist view that belief must be manifested in dispositions to act, and second, the Belief Account of Assertion (BAA),
the Gricean view that an asserter must present himself as believing what he asserts. It is generally accepted also that Moorean
assertions are absurd, and that BAA explains why they are. I shall argue that ATB implies that some Moorean assertions are,
in some fairly ordinary contexts, well justified. Thus BAA and ATB are mutually inconsistent. In the concluding section I
explore three possible ways of responding to the dilemma, and what implications they have for the nature of the constitutive
relationships linking belief, assent and behavioural dispositions.
相似文献
Timothy ChanEmail: |
6.
There is a clear and controlling philosophical concern that governs Ralph Waldo Emerson’s essays: freedom from limitation
and self-reliance from external authority. What makes it difficult to understand his essays, however, is his style, which
is characterized by disconnection, paradox, and negation. These rhetorical techniques make the meaning of his writings elusive
and slippery. Though many scholars have analyzed Emerson’s style, none have approached it through the writings of Laozi, an
ancient Chinese philosopher. There are two reasons I compare Emerson and Laozi. First, in spite of their differences, there
are important parallel themes and stylistic innovations in their writings. Second, attentiveness to a key figure in the Eastern philosophical tradition can help to explain how Emerson’s thoughts disappoint Western readers, precisely because they employ techniques beyond the method of habitual intellect in the Western frame. This essay
tries to approach several features in Emerson’s writing style from a Daoist perspective to show that both philosophers purposefully
use linguistic strategies such as disconnection, paradox, and negation to provoke readers into participating in understanding
truth, instead of telling them directly what truth is. 相似文献
7.
D. S. Neil Van Leeuwen 《Erkenntnis》2007,67(3):419-437
I raise the question of what cognitive attitude self-deception brings about. That is: what is the product of self-deception?
Robert Audi and Georges Rey have argued that self-deception does not bring about belief in the usual sense, but rather “avowal”
or “avowed belief.” That means a tendency to affirm verbally (both privately and publicly) that lacks normal belief-like connections
to non-verbal actions. I contest their view by discussing cases in which the product of self-deception is implicated in action
in a way that exemplifies the motivational role of belief. Furthermore, by applying independent criteria of what it is for
a mental state to be a belief, I defend the more intuitive view that being self-deceived that p entails believing that p. Beliefs (i) are the default for action relative to other cognitive attitudes (such as imagining and hypothesis) and (ii)
have cognitive governance over the other cognitive attitudes. I explicate these two relations and argue that they obtain for
the product of self-deception.
相似文献
D. S. Neil Van LeeuwenEmail: |
8.
Philippe Schlenker 《Synthese》2007,158(1):127-138
We provide a systematic recipe for eliminating self-reference from a simple language in which semantic paradoxes (whether
purely logical or empirical) can be expressed. We start from a non-quantificational language L which contains a truth predicate and sentence names, and we associate to each sentence F of L an infinite series of translations h
0(F), h
1(F), ..., stated in a quantificational language L
*. Under certain conditions, we show that none of the translations is self-referential, but that any one of them perfectly
mirrors the semantic behavior of the original. The result, which can be seen as a generalization of recent work by Yablo (1993,
Analysis, 53, 251–252; 2004, Self-reference, CSLI) and Cook (2004, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 69(3), 767–774), shows that under certain conditions self-reference is not essential to any of the semantic phenomena that can be obtained in a simple language. 相似文献
9.
Avrum Stroll 《Argumentation》1988,2(1):63-75
Most philosophers believe that the Liar Paradox is semantical in character, and arises from difficulties in the predicate true. The author argues that the paradox is pragmatic, not semantic, and arises from violations of essential conditions that define statement-making speech acts. The author shows that his solution to the paradox will not only handle the classical Liar sentences that are necessarily or intrinsically paradoxical, but also sets of Kripke-sentences that are contingently paradoxical. 相似文献
10.
Guillermo E. Rosado Haddock 《Husserl Studies》2006,22(3):193-222
This paper offers an exposition of Husserl's mature philosophy of mathematics, expounded for the first time in Logische Untersuchungen
and maintained without any essential change throughout the rest of his life. It is shown that Husserl's views on mathematics
were strongly influenced by Riemann, and had clear affinities with the much later Bourbaki school.
相似文献
Guillermo E. Rosado HaddockEmail: |