高中生的情绪状态及其影响因素研究

采用情绪状态量表(POMS),对273名高中生的情绪状态进行了问卷调查。结果显示：(1)有较高比例高中生的情绪处于不良状态;(2)男高中生的自尊感显著高于女高中生;(3)不同年级高中生的情绪状态有显著差异;(4)学校类型、学校期中考试对高中生的情绪状态没有产业显著影响。     

Mood change and marathon running: A pilot study using a Swedish version of the POMS test

Regular exercise is said to have positive effects on mood, especially if the exercise intensity is low to moderate. However, the acute effects resulting from participation in a strenuous competition, such as a marathon race, have been studied less. The present investigation used the Profile of Mood States (POMS) test to measure mood, before and after the 1989 Stockholm Marathon. A total of 106 male runners (mean age 40.0 years), with finishing times between 3h and 3h 45 min participated as subjects. Results showed great changes between pre- and post-marathon scores, most of them significant at the p less than 0.001 level. Furthermore, differences between a faster and a slower group of runners were demonstrated with regard to mood states, even though plasma glucose levels were comparable. It is concluded that participation in a marathon race greatly effects mood, mainly in a more negative way than low to moderately intense exercise does.     

特里尔社会应激测试(TSST)对唾液皮质醇分泌的影响

特里尔社会应激测试(Trier Social Stress Test: TSST)是国外应用广泛的社会心理应激测试手段, 然而还没有研究对其在中国的适用性进行报告。本研究以健康大学生为被试, 分别采用主观应激报告(简明心境量表和5点量表)和客观应激参数(心率和唾液皮质醇)为指标, 探讨TSST在中国的适用情况以及性别因素对个体在TSST应激情境中的影响。结果发现, TSST诱发了中国被试显著的应激反应, 在经历了TSST情境后, 被试主观报告紧张水平增加, 同时心跳加速, 唾液皮质醇水平增加。即使女性被试主观报告紧张与不安的程度显著高于男性, 但是男性和女性在TSST应激情境下的心跳和唾液皮质醇指标没有差异。研究结果提示, TSST在中国被试中具有良好的适用性, 可以利用其开展与社会心理应激相关的研究。男女被试在与成就动机相关的应激源(例如, TSST)中的客观应激参数差异不明显。     

简明心境量表(POMS)在中国的试用报告

该研究引进ＰＯＭＳ,采用随机对照的方法将２８９名放化疗病人分成实验组和对照组,分别在治疗前中后测查三次,同时测查３８５名正常人,以验证其在中国大陆的适用情况。研究发现：ＰＯＭＳ各量表同质性信度高,三种方法检验的临床效度均较高,尤其是对心理干预的效果更敏感;但该问卷的区分效度不高,对正常人心境变化的敏感性不如对病人。由此得出,ＰＯＭＳ在中国大陆癌症病人中是可行的、可靠的、有效的和敏感的,可作为心理干预的一个敏感指标。     

Assessment of mood states: Biases in single-administration assessments

Rasmussen, Jeffrey, Willingham, and Glover (1994) demonstrated that single-administration values derived from the Profile of Mood States (POMS) were biased estimates oftypical mood state. Like the previous study, the present study investigated whether single-administration POMS scores would be similar to average POMS scores derived from multiple administrations. In addition, in this investigation, single-administration instructions directed respondents to estimatetypical mood over a period of time that coincided with the time and duration of the multiple administrations. Subjects rated mood states during two single-administration settings, one before and one just after a multiple administration period. For both single-administration assessments, subjects rated mood relative to “How you have felt for the past 3 days, including today?” During the multiple-administration assessment, subjects rated mood six times a day for 3 days as prompted by preprogrammed wrist monitors. Results were consistent with earlier findings by identifying the bias in single-administration assessments. Initial single-administration values were significantly higher than both the averaged multiple-administration values and the second single-administration scores. These results support the contention that single-administration values from the POMS may provide biased estimates oftypical mood states.     

上海市大中学生的心理健康及其与体育锻炼的关系

本研究利用《简式心境状态剖面图》（POMS）中国修订版和《运动力量等级量表—3》（PARS—3）,对上海市大中学生的心理健康及其与体育锻炼的关系进行了考察。结果表明：①有较高比例的学生存在着不同程度的紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁和慌乱,以及较低的精力和自尊感;②体育锻炼能有效地降低紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁、慌乱,提高和自尊感,③中等到较大的运动量具有更好地心理健康效应;④体育乐趣与运动坚持性具有密切的关系。