‘The Egg of Columbus’?How Fourier's social theory exerted a significant (and problematic) influence on the formation of Marx's anthropology and social critique

In scholarship on the history of philosophy, it is widely assumed that Charles Fourier was a utopian socialist who could not have exerted a significant influence on the development of Karl Marx's thought. Indeed, both Marx and Engels seem to have advanced this view. In contrast, I argue that in 1844 when Marx was developing his anthropology and social critique, he relied upon Fourier's thought to supply a key assumption. After establishing this connection, I explain why Marx's tacit reliance on Fourier creates a problematic undercurrent in his thought.     

预期追寻与社会进步关系的当代分析

该文在积极利用当代预期研究成果的基础上,以哲学的视角对预期概念的基本内容与基本特点做出了重新反思。同时,还重新阐释了恩格斯历史唯物主义观点中有关预期论述,并在这种新的阐释下,从预期追寻对于社会进步的重要性、影响力以及作用的有限性等三个方面,对预期追寻与社会进步之间的内在联系进行了有针对性的当代分析。     

论马克思恩格斯的制度伦理思想

取向制度伦理的研究是马恩对伦理学问题研究的革命性变革。在马恩看来,制度在本质上是社会化了的人类群体的结合方式,人的社会生活在本质上是一种制度化的生活,制度伦理对社会道德进步具有决定性意义,因而制度伦理建设也就成为人类走向自由而全面发展的历史必然。     

如何看待马克思和恩格斯的思想差别

怎样恰当地看待马克思和恩格斯在思想上的重要差别?“分工说”和“情境说”的解释都是不充分的;把恩格斯视为“第一提琴手”的观点妨碍了客观地看待这种差别;马克思思想的总体取向及马克思、恩格斯在不同意义上谈论马克思学说同达尔文进化论的相关性,表明马克思并未像恩格斯那样肯定自然辩证法;马克思、恩格斯之间的长期合作亦不能排除彼此误解的可能性。     

Is Marxist philosophy withering away?

Gorbachev's ascent to power in the Soviet Union in 1985 and the events that followed appear to have led to a dramatic decline in philosophers' interest in Marxist philosophy. The magnitudes of philosophical literature on Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Hegel recorded in annual volumes ofThe Philosopher's Index have all been shrinking in recent years. In the 1992 volume, the share of the publications on Marx within all philosophical publications has dropped to almost one-third of what it was on average in the 1981–1985 volumes, on Engels and Lenin to about one-fifth, and on Hegel to about two-thirds.     

Marx on Nature

Ecological Marxists argue that Marx forged a view of nature compatible with more recent models of environmentalism. John Bellamy Foster argues that Marx ascribed an ecological value to nature by asserting a co-evolution between man and nature. James O＇Connor presents a more nuanced view in which Marx at best defended a conservationist defense of nature. I argue that such ecological views of Marx tend to overlook his abandonment of an ontology of nature as a totality of relations among physical objects with respect to their interactions and mutual preservation and order. He followed Kant in reducing nature, or the physical world, effectively to a regulative notion, thus reducing its value to a simply a heuristic one for judgments about and actions towards objects. But he also radicalized this reduction by envisaging nature only as a material field of fungible and consumable things, such that each thing is a mere locus of energy or force that human labor cannot substantively perfect but only change to a function. Labor in this view creates new arrangements of natural things for a singular ultimate purpose： the formation of associations of free labor. I conclude that Marx＇s thinking thus cannot be utilized to support an environmental philosophy, such as deep ecology or eco-socialism, that would posit any intrinsic value to nature.     

Dennis Engels: A Humanitarian and Ethical Scholar

Dr. Dennis Engels retired in 2011 after a 35‐year career as a counselor educator, during which he contributed over 30 years of service to the Association for Spiritual, Ethical, and Religious Values in Counseling. In this profile article, the author reviews the highlights of Dr. Engels's distinguished career and presents an interview in which Dr. Engels discusses (a) his journey as a counselor educator, (b) ethical standards and credentialing, and (c) the future of counseling.