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利多卡因凝胶在手术室麻醉诱导后留置尿管中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析手术室麻醉诱导后留置尿管产生尿路疼痛等不良反应的原因,探讨利多卡因凝胶在克服上述反应方面的作用及其他预防措施。采用方便取样将70例留置尿管的患者分为试验组和对照组,麻醉诱导后试验组在尿管上涂抹利多卡因凝胶(0.5ml/cm)后再按常规操作插管;对照组以石蜡油为润滑剂按常规操作留置尿管。比较两组患者心率、血压情况及躁动、疼痛评分。结果提示麻醉诱导后留置尿管可以有效减轻患者清醒状态下置管引起的尿路疼痛等问题,但不能避免患者苏醒期出现上述反应;使用利多卡因凝胶可有效预防患者苏醒期出现的尿路疼痛及其它不良反应,增加患者的舒适度。 相似文献
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In our study we investigated how individualizing and binding moral foundations partially mediate the relationship between the attitudinal clusters of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO), and the dimensions of generalized prejudice. We found that binding moral foundations partially mediate the association between RWA and negative attitudes towards dissident and dangerous groups, while individualizing moral foundations had a positive relationship with the evaluations of all three clusters of dissident, dangerous, and derogated outgroups, and partially mediated the effects of both SDO and RWA. Based on these results we claim that intergroup attitudes are at least partly determined by moral concerns, and different personal needs activate or inhibit different moral concerns. Furthermore, while individualizing moral foundations seem to have a universal prejudice reducing effect, the effect of binding foundations is selective, increasing prejudice principally against dangerous and derogated outgroups that threaten one’s personal need for security and certainty. 相似文献
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Winkler I Sussman E Tervaniemi M Horváth J Ritter W Näätänen R 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2003,3(1):57-77
The effects of auditory context on the preattentive and perceptual organization of tone sequences were investigated. Two sets
of experiments were conducted in which the pitch of contextual tones was varied, bringing about two different contextual manipulations.
Preattentive auditory organization was indexed by the mismatch negativity event-related potential, which is elicited by violations
of auditory regularities even when participants ignore the sounds (e.g., by reading a book). The perceptual effects of the
contextual manipulations on auditory grouping were assessed using target-detection and orderjudgment tasks. The close correspondence
found between the effects of auditory context on the perceptual and preattentive measures of auditory grouping suggests that
a large part of contextual processing is preattentive. 相似文献
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肿瘤治疗模式的哲学思考 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
外科手术往往是肿瘤治疗的首选方法,对于不能手术或已丧失手术机会者才考虑放疗,化疗。近年来,出现了诱导分化和凋亡等治疗手段,且在某些肿瘤的治疗上已取得了可喜的效果,这点新概念,新手术的出现,使得以往的肿瘤治疗模式受到了冲击,从以人为本,预防为主的哲学思想出发,我们似科可以提出这样的肿瘤治疗模式,诱导分化→启动凋亡→手术,放疗,化疗。 相似文献
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The ability of animals to use behavioral/facial cues in detection of human attention has been widely investigated. In this test series we studied the ability of dogs to recognize human attention in different experimental situations (ball-fetching game, fetching objects on command, begging from humans). The attentional state of the humans was varied along two variables: (1) facing versus not facing the dog; (2) visible versus non-visible eyes. In the first set of experiments (fetching) the owners were told to take up different body positions (facing or not facing the dog) and to either cover or not cover their eyes with a blindfold. In the second set of experiments (begging) dogs had to choose between two eating humans based on either the visibility of the eyes or direction of the face. Our results show that the efficiency of dogs to discriminate between attentive and inattentive humans depended on the context of the test, but they could rely on the orientation of the body, the orientation of the head and the visibility of the eyes. With the exception of the fetching-game situation, they brought the object to the front of the human (even if he/she turned his/her back towards the dog), and preferentially begged from the facing (or seeing) human. There were also indications that dogs were sensitive to the visibility of the eyes because they showed increased hesitative behavior when approaching a blindfolded owner, and they also preferred to beg from the person with visible eyes. We conclude that dogs are able to rely on the same set of human facial cues for detection of attention, which form the behavioral basis of understanding attention in humans. Showing the ability of recognizing human attention across different situations dogs proved to be more flexible than chimpanzees investigated in similar circumstances. 相似文献
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Zoltán?KovácsEmail author Ferenc?Kovács ákos?Pap 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2005,12(4):377-381
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID), which causes pancreatobiliary-type pain,
cholestasis, and/or pancreatitis. Only a few studies have assessed the level of psychological distress in this population
compared to healthy subjects or patients with other gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, we examined the self-reported
level of psychological distress and certain psychiatric symptoms of SOD patients, and we compared them to depressed patients
as well as healthy subjects. The results indicate that SOD patients have significantly lower levels of global and specific
symptoms compared to depressed patients. When compared to healthy subjects, SOD patients expressed significantly higher levels
of irritability–oversensitivity, and there was a trend toward higher levels of somatization. 相似文献
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Learning contributes to the development of mutual mimicry in group mates. The aim of our study was to investigate whether
dogs would initiate walking a detour if they were repeatedly exposed to the detouring behaviour of their owner. Eight dog
owners were asked to modify their usual way of approaching their home at the end of their daily walks, namely, to make a short
detour before the entrance. Owners performed the detour at least 180 times, over a period of 3–6 months. During the first
30 detours (trials 1–30) all dogs followed the owner on the new route. Between trials 151 and 180, four dogs started to walk
the detour before the owner displayed any intention to walk in that direction in 50–93% of the cases. Further observations
that were carried out on one dog showed that the initialisation of the detours manifested sooner if a second familiar person
started to walk the detours. Interestingly, the dog persisted in initialising detours long after the owners stopped detouring.
We describe the observed phenomenon in the framework of social anticipation that manifests when an animal learns the proper sequence of an act performed by another animal, so that it can (1) predict
the action in this sequence, and (2) as a result start either a similar or a complementary action as a response. These observations
suggest that the dogs' social anticipation ability contributes to behavioural synchronisation and cooperative processes between
dog and owner.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
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Szebik I 《Science and engineering ethics》2003,9(1):109-124
Corruption is a major problem in the societies of the post-communist Central European countries. Corruption in health care
has some unique characteristics undermining the efficacy of and respect for Hungarian health care. One of the forms of corruption
is tipping. This highly contested phenomenon is present in most of the patient/health professional’s interactions in a sophisticated
manner, raising serious ethical and legal dilemmas. The present paper analyzes tipping and other corruption-related factors,
such as financial conflict of interest between industry and health care and argues that since ethical and legal considerations
are often ignored in the country, patient care and clinical research are affected by these controversial issues to a great
extent. 相似文献
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