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Karin?S.?NijhofEmail author Ad?Vermulst Ron?H.?J.?Scholte Coleta?van?Dam Jan?Willem?Veerman Rutger?C.?M.?E.?Engels 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(1):59-70
The present study examined whether a sample of 214 (52.8% male, M age = 15.76, SD = 1.29) institutionalized adolescents could be classified into subgroups based on psychopathic traits. Confirmatory Factor
Analyses revealed a relationship between the subscales of the Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI) and the three latent
constructs of the original model on which it is based. Latent Class Analyses showed that adolescents showing psychopathic
traits could be classified into three subgroups. The first group showed low scores on the grandiose/manipulative dimension,
the callous/unemotional dimension, and the impulsive/irresponsible dimension (normal group). The second group scored moderate
on the grandiose/manipulative dimension and the callous/unemotional dimension and high on the impulsive/irresponsible dimension
(impulsive, non-psychopathic-like group). The third group scored high on all three dimensions (psychopathy-like group). The
findings revealed that the impulsive, non-psychopathic like group scored significantly higher on internalizing problem behavior
compared to the normal group, while the psychopathy-like and the impulsive, non-psychopathic-like group both scored higher
on externalizing problem behavior compared to the normal group. Based on a self-report delinquency measure, it appeared that
the psychopathy-like group had the highest delinquency rates, except for vandalism. Both the impulsive and psychopathy-like
group had the highest scores on the use of soft drugs. 相似文献
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Marloes Kleinjan Regina J. J. M. van den Eijnden Jan van Leeuwe Johannes Brug Monique O. M. van de Ven Rutger C. M. E. Engels 《Psychology & health》2013,28(6):729-743
The present study addresses the applicability of the Transtheoretical Model's processes of change in explaining adolescents’ readiness to quit smoking. Furthermore, the association between nicotine dependence and readiness to quit was assessed both directly, as well as indirectly through the processes of change. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, identifying 1547 weekly smokers aged 14–18 years. Structural equation modelling showed that the processes of change were only marginally associated with readiness to quit. Adding nicotine dependence to the model showed a direct association between nicotine dependence and readiness to quit. Only one process of change, self-liberation (i.e. choice/commitment to change and belief in the ability to change), was found to mediate this association. Nicotine dependence appeared to be highly important in adolescents’ readiness to quit. 相似文献
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R. Otten M.O.M. Van de Ven R.C.M.E. Engels R.J.J.M. Van den Eijnden 《Psychology & health》2013,28(3):287-300
This prospective population-based study aimed to compare associations between depressive feelings and smoking behaviour of adolescents with and without asthma. Data were collected from a two-wave 22–24 months prospective study among 5938 adolescents who completed self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses showed that depressive feelings and smoking were related both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Smoking behaviour was similar for adolescents with and without asthma, as well as its correlation with depressive feelings. However, participants with asthma were more likely to report depressive feelings than those without asthma, implying an indirect relationship between asthma and smoking behaviour. Implications for prevention are addressed. 相似文献
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Z. Harakeh R. Engels E. Den Exter Blokland R. Scholte A. Vermulst 《Psychology & health》2013,28(7):823-841
This longitudinal study examined the reciprocal effects of the frequency of parent–adolescent communication on tobacco-related issues (smoking-specific communication), and adolescents’ smoking. Participants were 428 Dutch older and younger siblings between 13 and 16 years old. Smoking-specific communication did not affect youth smoking in general; however, among younger, but not older, siblings, smoking-specific communication was associated with a higher likelihood of smoking over time. In addition, when adolescents already smoked parents started to talk more frequently about smoking-related issues with their older and younger adolescents later on. Neither the quality of smoking-specific communication, the quality of parent–adolescent relationship, nor parental smoking moderated these reciprocal effects. In conclusion, prevention campaigns encouraging parents to undertake smoking-specific communication might not be desirable. 相似文献