On the rank of the reduced correlational matrix in multiple-factor analysis

Since the factor problem is reduced mathematically to the expression of the obtained correlational matrix in terms of a matrix of lower rank, criteria for the determination of this lower rank are of first importance. These criteria are investigated by means of certain mathematical deductions, and brought into relation with Spearman's and Thurstone's factor theories.     

Some mathematical remarks concerning boundary conditions in the factorial analysis of ability

This paper is a mathematical supplement to the preceding paper by Professor Godfrey H. Thomson. It gives rigorous proofs of theorems enunciated by him and by Dr. J. Ridley Thompson, and extends them. Its basic theorem is that if a matrix of correlations is to be factorized without the aid of higher factors thans-factors (withn-s zero loadings), then the largest latent root of the matrix must not exceed the sum of thes largest communalities on the diagonal.     

Marital satisfaction in covenant versus standard marriages: Is there a difference?

After the rapid increase of the American divorce rate in the late 20th century, one of the most conspicuous efforts of the marriage movement in the 1990s that was used to increase marital stability was the legislation of the covenant marriage license, a more restricted marriage license issued in three different states of the U.S. To investigate the marital life of newlywed covenant versus standard couples, a large-scale 5-year couple study was conducted between 1998 and 2003 in Louisiana. The present study uses this large-sample, multiple-wave, multiple-group dyadic dataset to examine differences in co-development and divorce rates in 297 covenant and 380 standard mixed-sex couples using a multiple group growth curve modeling and survival analysis. We examined differences in marital trajectories between covenant and standard couples as well as between husbands and wives in each marital group. The results show (1) that the couples in both groups experienced, on average, declines in marital satisfaction, and such a decline was slower in covenant husbands than their wives as well as those in standard marriages, and (2) that co-development in marital satisfaction was more prominent in standard marriages than in covenant marriages, meaning standard couple's marital satisfaction declined at a more similar rate than that of covenant couples. We provide possible explanations and discuss practical implications.     

The efficacy of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program in improving parenting and child behavior: a comparison with two other treatment conditions

The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of an evidence-based parenting program (the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program), intending to improve parenting skills and children's well-being. Parents participating in a Group Triple P program (n=50 couples) were compared with parents of a non-treated control group (n=50 couples) and parents participating in a marital distress prevention program (couples coping enhancement training (CCET)) (n=50 couples). The two major goals of this study were (a) to evaluate the efficacy of Triple P compared with the two other treatment conditions over a time-span of 1 year and (b) to answer the question whether this program that was developed in Australia is culturally accepted by Swiss parents. Results revealed that Triple P was effective with Swiss families. Mothers of the Triple P group showed significant improvements in parenting, parenting self-esteem, and a decrease in stressors related to parenting. Women trained in Triple P also reported significantly lower rates of child's misbehavior than women of the two other conditions. However, in men only a few significant results were found. Positive effects of the relationship training (CCET) were somewhat lower than those for the Triple P. These findings are further discussed.     

Journal Reviews

[Authors are asked to send offprints of articles in learned journals on subjects relevant to this section. Offprints of articles in other publications will not normally be reported here, likewise offprints of articles in books, since they may constitute part of a volume that can be made the subject matter of a review.]
Journal of Population :
Dalla Parte dei Bambini: Bollettino del Servizio di Neuropsichiatria infantile degli Spedali Riuniti S. Chiara—Pisa
C arotenuto , A. (Rome). 'La morte di Ernst Bernhard' (The death of Ernst Bernhard). Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica
C arotenuto , A. (Rome). 'Alcune Note Introduttive al Congresso' (Some Introductory Remarks to the Congress). Rivista di Psicologia Analitica
C arotenuto , A. (Rome). 'Lettera a Honegger' (Letter to Honegger). Rivista di Psicologia Analitica
C arotenuto , A. (Rome). 'La profezia psichica' (Prophesying). Giornale Storico di Psicologia Dinamica
K raemer , W illiam . (London)
K raemer , W illiam . (London)
M eares , R. A. and H obson , R. F.: (Melbourne and Manchester). 'The persecutory therapist'. Br. J. Med. Psychol.
v. O ertzen , K. D. (Zürich): 'Psychotherapie marxistisch orientierter Patienten'
P ignatelli , M arcello (Rome). 'Educazione a vivere attraverso l'analisi" (Education for living through analysis). Rivista di psicologia analitica
P ignatelli , M arcello (Rome)
P ignatelli , M arcello . (Rome.) 'The awareness of the limit as psychological totality.' Rivista di psicologica analitica
S trobel , H. (Dietikon, Switzerland): Lehranalysanden traumen von der Gruppe: Traumreaktion nach Gruppensitzungen (Analysts in training dream about their group). Prax. Psychother.
W ilkinson , A. H. (London): 'Psychosomatic concepts and approach in student health services', chapter 7 in Students in need—essays in memory of Nicholas Malleson     

Journal Reviews

[Authors are asked to send offprints of articles in learned journals on subjects relevant to this section. Offprints of articles in other publications will not normally be reported here, likewise offprints of articles in books, since they may constitute part of a volume that can be made the subject matter of a review.]
A llenby , A. I. (London). 'Science and psychology'
B osanquet , C amilla (London). 'Analytical psychotherapy'
D reifuss , G. (Haifa). 'Artists in the creative process of Jungian analysis'
F ierz , H. K. (Zürich). 'Die Bedeutung des Traumes in der Analytichen Psychologie C. G. Jung.'
L eutwiler , A rthur (Zürich). 'Über den Umgang mit Suizidgefährdeten'
P laut , A. (London). Individuation: Ein Grundkonzept der Psychotherapie (Individuation): a basic concept of psychotherapy)
P ouplier , M echthild (Stuttgart). 'Zur Problematik von Sieg und Niederlage'
P ouplier , M. (Stuttgart). 'Über die Einbeziehung von Partnern Partnerinnen in die Stationäre Psychotherapie'
Z oya , L. (Milano). 'Riflessioni sulla terapia analitica delle tossicomanie, con particolare riferimento all'alcoolismo'
Z oya , L. (Milano). 'Un caso di problematica etica inconscia'
Z oya , L. (Milano). 'La terapia analitica di fronte alia vecchaia'     

Does covenant marriage predict latent trajectory groups of newlywed couples?

Covenant marriage is a legally distinct marriage license available in Arizona, Louisiana, and Arkansas in the United States. This study revisited one of the largest longitudinal dyadic studies on covenant versus standard newlywed couples. Using this dataset of 677 different-sex couples, we explored whether being in a covenant marriage could predict how marital satisfaction developed over the first five marital years. We applied the Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) method to identify groups that differed in their initial marital satisfaction and trajectory. The results revealed three different trajectory groups—one group showing high and stable marital satisfaction, which we named High Stable, and two groups showing declines in marital satisfaction, one being medium and the other one being low in satisfaction at the beginning of the marriage, and we named them Medium Declining and Low Declining respectively. Spouses with lower initial marital satisfaction experienced a faster decline and suffered the highest divorce rate. Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analysis revealed that one's group membership was predicted by their partner's membership, suggesting a mutual influence on marital development. Being in a covenant marriage was able to predict husbands' membership as covenant husbands were found to be more likely in the high stable group.     

The common fate model for dyadic data: variations of a theoretically important but underutilized model

Studying dyads, very often there is a theoretical construct that has an effect on both members, such as relationship harmony or shared environment. To model such influences, the common fate model (CFM) is often the most appropriate approach. In this article, we address conceptual and statistical issues in the use of the standard CFM and present a series of variations, all of which are estimated by structural equation modeling (SEM). For indistinguishable dyad members (e.g., gay couples), we describe the use of a multilevel SEM method. Throughout the paper, we draw connections to the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). We also discuss the analysis of hybrid models that combines both the CFM and the APIM. The models are illustrated using data from heterosexual couples.     

Journal Reviews

[Authors are invited to submit for review articles published in learned journals on subjects relevant to this section. Articles from other publications will not be accepted, neither will chapters from books that might constitute the subject matter of a book review in this Journal.] Kiepenheuer , K. (Zürich). ‘Spontaneous drawings of a leukemia child’, Psychosotnatische Medizin Prince , G. S. (London). ‘Teenagers today’, MIND Monograph Sauer , G. (Freiburg). ‘Tiefenpsychologische Voraussetzungen und Wirkungen des Gebets’ (Prayer: its depth-psychological presuppositions and effects), in Hat Beten Sinn Fierz , H. K. (Zürich). ‘Methodics, theory and ethics in analytical psychotherapy’. Article in Vol. Ill of Die Psychologic des 20 Jahrhunderts Meier , C. A. (Zürich). ‘Dynamische Psychologie und die Klassische Welt' (Dynamic psychology and the classical world). Analytische Psychologie Langegger , Florian (Zürich). ‘Zum Problem der Chronisch Kranken’ (The Problem of the Chronic Mentally Ill). Analytische Psychokgie Bührmann , M. V. (Gansbaai, S. Africa). ‘Why are certain procedures of the indigenous healers effective?’Psychotherapeia Asper , K. Gustave Flaubert: ‘Madame Bovary und ihre Heilung’ (Madame Bovary and her cure). Analyt. Psychol Pouplier , M. (Stuttgart). ‘Zum Archetyp der puella aeterna. (On the archetype of the puella aeterna). Analyt. Psychol Spengler , Ernst ,. (Zürich). ‘C. G. Jung's Religionpsychologie’ (C. G. Jung's psychology of religion), in Die Psychologie des 20 Jahrhunderts in 15 Bänden Ziegler , A. J. (Zürich). ‘über das Fieber: Paradigma zu einer antithetischen, archetypischen Medizin’ (On fever, an example of antithetic, archetypal medicine). Gorgo Dreifuss , G. (Haifa). ‘Erich Neumanns Jüdisches Bewusstsein’ (Erich Neumann's Jewish Consciousness). Analyt. Psychology Alex , W. (Jerusalem). ‘The significance of Erich Neumann in Jungian psychology’. Israel Annals of Psychiatry Jacoby , M. (Zürich). ‘Urbeziehung und Kulturkanon’ (Primary relationship and cultural canon). Analyt. Psychologie     

Journal Reviews

[Authors are asked to send offprints of articles in learned journals on subjects relevant to this section. Offprints of articles in other publications will not normally be reported here, likewise offprints of articles in books since they may constitute part of a volume that can be made the subject matter of a review.]
B ash , K. W. (Bern). 'Regressus ad superos'
B ash , K. W. (Bern). 'Die Dynamik der Aggression (the dynamics of aggression)'
B ash , K. W. (Bern). 'Der unwahrscheinliche Jung'
B ührmann , M. V. (Gansbaai, S. Africa). 'Research into the methods of traditional healers (diviners) amongst the Xhosa-speaking people'
B ührmann , M. V. (Gansbaai, S. Africa). 'Western Psychiatry and the Xhosa Patient.'
B ührmann , M. V. (Gansbaai, S. Africa). 'Dream therapy through the ages'.
D reifuss , G. et al. (Haifa). Article in Shdemot
F ordham , M. (London). 'Die analytische (komplexe) Psychologie in England, article in vol. III of Die Psychologie des 20. Jahrhunderts
F rey -W ehrlin , C. T. (Zürich). 'Die Analytische (komplexe) Psychologie Jung's'
K otschnig , E lined P rys : 'Womanhood in myth and life.'
P aulsen , L. (London). 'Intuition: the unaccountable element'
S cott , W. C lifford , M. (Montreal). 'Remembering sleep and dreams'
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