The Convergent Validity of Four Burnout Measures in a Chinese Sample: A Confirmatory Factor‐Analytic Approach

The purpose of this paper is to study the convergent validity of the four most widely used burnout measures in a sample of Chinese nurses (N= 717). First, Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate the factor structure of scores produced by the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (MBI‐GS), the Burnout Measure (BM), the Shirom‐Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM), and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). Next, several competing models were tested to investigate the convergent validity of these four burnout instruments. The final results suggest that burnout is best conceived of as a multidimensional construct consisting of exhaustion and withdrawal, which are two related but conceptually distinct aspects. In addition, positively phrased items should be dropped from burnout measures for they constitute a separate factor that is considered to be an artifact.     

普拉契克的情绪进化理论

本文着重从情绪与进化、基本情绪、情绪的本质、情绪的结构模式、情绪与认知和情绪与人格等六个方面,介绍了普拉契克情绪进化理论的基本观点。     

霍夫曼虚拟内疚理论述评

该文从涵义及类型、发生机制和影响因素等方面,介绍了霍夫曼的虚拟内疚理论,并对其理论意义进行了评述。该文认为。霍夫曼的虚拟内疚理论不仅拓展了内疚研究的心理学领域。而且深化了人们对道德情感在个体道德发展中的地位和作用的认识。     

Effects of a Multilevel Resilience-Based Intervention on Mental Health for Children Affected by Parental HIV: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Child and Family Studies - The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of the Child-Caregiver-Advocacy Resilience (ChildCARE) intervention, a multilevel resilience-based psychosocial...     

德国汉学家视野中的中国哲学与中国哲学史研究--慕尼黑大学叶翰(Van Ess)教授访谈录

2002年11月～2003年3月,我受德国赛德尔基金会的资助,到德国爱尔兰根大学汉学系做访问研究.期间访问了慕尼黑大学汉学家叶翰教授,谈到了对中国哲学及中国哲学史研究的一些看法.现摘发出来,以飨国内学者.     

中庸工作重塑研究

采用中庸思想作为研究的理论基础,建构中庸工作重塑概念,并应用于工作要求-资源模型检验其构思效度。在288名医务人员中探索中庸工作重塑的结构,在178名医务人员中验证结构,并探讨中庸工作重塑在工作要求或工作资源与工作投入及工作倦怠之间的中介效应。研究结果发现,中庸工作重塑是由个体取向和群体取向构成的两维结构的工作重塑。其中,在工作要求-资源模型的压力机制中,人们通过工作重塑来降低工作要求引致的工作倦怠,促进工作投入;而在其激励机制中,人们通过工作重塑会增强工作资源的激励作用,促进工作投入。     

先前错失选项的数量对不作为惯性的调节机制

在以往涉及不作为惯性的研究中,个体通常只是错失了1个先前选项.本研究旨在考察当之前错失了多个选项后,不作为惯性是否仍会出现,并深入探讨估价和后悔因素在不作为惯性产生或消失中的作用.结果发现,先前错失选项的数量对不作为惯性具有调节作用:当先前只错失了1个选项时,出现了不作为惯性,当先前已错失了两个选项时,不作为惯性消失了.中介分析发现,这一调节作用可被预期后悔所中介.结果表明,预期后悔是导致个体在错失多个选项后不作为惯性消失的主要原因.     

Burnout among Finnish and Chinese university students

In this study the levels of experienced burnout of Finnish and Chinese university students are compared using School Burnout Inventory (SBI). This study is motivated by earlier studies, which suggest that the level of student burnout is different in the culturally distinct Finnish and Chinese university systems, but which are based on different research instruments for the two groups. The sample studied consisted of 3,035 Finnish students and 2,309 Chinese students. Because of the cross‐cultural nature of this study the level of structural equivalence of SBI between the cultural groups was examined and the effect of different response styles on the results was taken into account. Both standard and robust statistical methods were used for the analyses. The results showed that SBI with two extracted components is suitable for cross‐cultural analysis between Finnish and Chinese university students. Virtually no difference was found in experienced overall burnout between the Finnish and Chinese students, which means that both university systems contain factors causing similar levels of student burnout. This study also verified that controlling for the response styles is important in cross‐cultural studies as it was found to have a distinct effect on the results obtained from mean‐level comparisons.     

从年级、元理解策略指数看小学生阅读说明性文本的理解监控策略

该研究旨在了解年级、元理解策略指数,理解监控策略,对阅读理解的成绩的影响。研究表明年级高,元理解策略指数高的学生多采用全局语境的监控策略,成绩较好;年级低,元理解策略指数低的学生多采用局部语境的监控策略,成绩较差。