CGS 5649 B, a new compound, reverses age-related cognitive dysfunctions in rats.

CGS 5649 B improves the learning performance of aged rats in a one-way active-avoidance situation. If, under reversed conditions, treated aged rats are also tested for passive avoidance, they show "place learning," which our findings have demonstrated to be typical of young rats. The effects of the substance are not confined to these experimental models nor are they species specific: it also facilitates passive avoidance in mice and social learning in rats. The compound is effective if administered before or immediately after the learning trial.     

Letting them go - The short-term treatment of an adolescent at risk

This paper is based on my experience of working in an outpatient centre for adolescents at risk in a North London borough. The paper focuses on the pressures encountered when adolescent patients want to stop treatment prematurely, and on the risks of re-enactment in the transference. Clinical material is presented from the treatment of an adolescent girl who resorted to cutting herself when she had to face new developmental stages. Her unresolved Oedipal anxieties as well as possible meanings of the nature of her self-destructive behaviour are explored. Finally I attempt to explore how my struggles with letting her go contributed to her psychic development, which has continued since the end of the therapy.