Reduced intergroup differentiation as a result of self-categorization in overlapping categories. A quasi-experiment

A quasi-experiment was conducted to examine the effects of self-categorization in overlapping categories on intergroup differentiation. ‘Old aged women’ was used as the first, ‘sports’ as the additional category. It could be shown that intergroup differentiation was significantly reduced under crossed categorization conditions. Implications for social compensation strategies are discussed.     

The formation of prejudicial judgements as an interaction between heuristic processes and social identity of the judge: The case of traffic accident participation

This study empirically tested the assumption that in prejudical judgements cognitive processes are mediated by group anchoring. This assumption was supported in the case of estimations about participation in traffic accidents by different groups.     

Das Unheimliche der Ambivalenz

This essay??s main concern consists of a critical survey of the coherences, alliances and associative entanglement between psychic ambivalences, encounters of the uncanny and the connections to the issues of death. References for the considerations presented here are Freuds??s seminal papers ??The antithetical meanings of primal words?? (1910), ??The uncanny?? (1919) and ??Beyond the pleasure principle?? (1920). The axis formed by these essays is being crisscrossed by the phenomen of the uncanny valley, an issue widely discussed within the cyber scene which may introduce a new perspective in order to extend the analysis of the concept and structure of ambivalences with new questions. This approach adverts to an inherent paradox which seems to be constitutive for ambivalence itself.     

Wearing uniforms and aggression–A field experiment

Zimbardo's de-individuation concept was tested in a field experiment using games of fieldball. The results support the assumption that higher degrees of anonymity lead to more aggressive acts.     

Has the feminist movement influenced adolescent sex role attitudes? A reassessment after a quarter century

The attitudes of adolescents toward sex role stereotyping in 1956 were compared with the attitudes of youth in 1982. Contrary to our prediction, sex role stereotyping was not significantly less in 1982 than in 1956. Boys emphasized both sex role differentiation, and the symbols of male dominance and female subordination, more than girls did. However, girls showed significantly less dissatisfaction with being a girl in 1982 than girls did in 1956. It may be that the basic power relationships of gender had not altered by 1982 but that the self-image of girls had improved.We wish to express our appreciation to the superintendent and to the teachers who generously assisted us.     

Performance Rating Accuracy: Convergence Between Supervisor Assessment and Sales Productivity

The role of seven variables in predicting supervisor rating accuracy was examined. The study was conducted in natural settings, and the criterion for rating accuracy was the rated salesperson’s productivity in terms of sales. The predictors examined were the supervisor’s gender, the amount of time the supervisor spent working with the subordinate, the length of the supervisor–subordinate relationship, depth of acquaintance, the subordinate’s sensitivity to expressive behavior in others, the ability to modify self-presentation and the subordinate’s age. The participants were 208 supervisors and 268 female salespersons. The results of a discriminant analysis showed that the variables predicting accuracy–inaccuracy were different from those predicting overestimation–underestimation. Accuracy was best predicted by the length of the supervisor–subordinate relationship and by the supervisor’s female gender. The direction of the inaccurate ratings was best predicted by high acquaintance, which pulled the ratings in a positively-biased direction.     

Reconsidering Descartes's notion of the mind-body union

This paper examines Descartes's third primary notion and the distinction between different kinds of knowledge based on different and mutually irreducible primary notions. It discusses the application of the notions of clearness and distinctness to the domain of knowledge based on that of mind-body union. It argues that the consequences of the distinctions Descartes is making with regard to our knowledge of the human mind and nature are rather different from those that have been attributed to Descartes due to the influential Rylean picture of Cartesian mind-body dualism.     

Freud’s Utopia revisited: The International Psychoanalytic University Berlin

Abstract

The International Psychoanalytic University was founded in 2009. This article provides an outline of its core tasks, study programs, research activities, and infrastructure.