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Dennis R. Laker Brian D. Steffy Barbara W. Shimko 《Journal of business and psychology》1992,7(1):99-107
The impact on felt stress and and stress-related behaviors of household composition and proportion of pay utilized to sustain the household economy was evaluated using a homogenous group of female professionals. After controlling for individual-difference and work-load influences, the impact of household variables was found to be weak and inconsistent. While living alone with a child and having a larger proportion of one's salary allocated to sustaining the household economy was associated with psychosomatic distress, household factors did not predict sickdays, medication usage and alcohol consumption. The reasons for these weak and inconsistent findings were explored. 相似文献
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Christina Meier Sara Raj Pant Jayden O. van Horik Philippa R. Laker Ellis J. G. Langley Mark A. Whiteside Frederick Verbruggen Joah R. Madden 《Animal cognition》2017,20(6):1035-1047
Inhibitory control enables subjects to quickly react to unexpectedly changing external demands. We assessed the ability of young (8 weeks old) pheasants Phasianus colchicus to exert inhibitory control in a novel response-inhibition task that required subjects to adjust their movement in space in pursuit of a reward across changing target locations. The difference in latencies between trials in which the target location did and did not change, the distance travelled towards the initially indicated location after a change occurred, and the change-signal reaction time provided a consistent measure that could be indicative of a pheasant’s inhibitory control. Between individuals, there was a great variability in these measures; these differences were not correlated with motivation either to access the reward or participate in the test. However, individuals that were slower to reach rewards in trials when the target did not change exhibited evidence of stronger inhibitory control, as did males and small individuals. This novel test paradigm offers a potential assay of inhibitory control that utilises a natural feature of an animal’s behavioural repertoire, likely common to a wide range of species, specifically their ability to rapidly alter their trajectory when reward locations switch. 相似文献
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Griffin Kandace R. Beardsworth Christine E. Laker Philippa R. van Horik Jayden O. Whiteside Mark A. Madden Joah R. 《Animal cognition》2020,23(1):189-202
Animal Cognition - Inhibitory control (IC) is the ability to intentionally restrain initial, ineffective responses to a stimulus and instead exhibit an alternative behaviour that is not pre-potent... 相似文献
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Arnold Lohaus Marc Vierhaus Annika Frevert Ann-Kathrin Kreienborg Elena F. Laker Sarah Pelster 《Psychology & health》2013,28(9):1032-1045
This study explores the relationship between a ruminative response style and symptom reports in children and adolescents of grades 5, 7 and 9 from German secondary schools. Questionnaires were used to assess rumination and symptom reports. A group of children and adolescents (N?=?140) were asked to think first about the items before responding to them (increased attention condition), while a second group (N?=?260) served as control group (standard condition). The assumption was that rumination and also additional attention to the symptoms by instruction would increase the reported frequency of experiencing somatic and psychological symptoms. The results showed significant relations between symptom reports and rumination, which increased with grade. There were sex differences for somatic symptom reports with increased symptom frequencies in girls, which were mediated by rumination. Moreover, instructing participants to think first about the items led to an increase in reported symptoms. It is concluded that an increased attention to symptoms of distress increases symptom reports, which may be induced momentarily by instruction and also more generally by a ruminative response style. Conclusions regarding prevention and concerning instructions in symptom report questionnaires are outlined. 相似文献
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van Horik Jayden O. Beardsworth Christine E. Laker Philippa R. Whiteside Mark A. Madden Joah R. 《Animal cognition》2020,23(1):215-225
Animal Cognition - The ability to inhibit prepotent actions towards rewards that are made inaccessible by transparent barriers has been considered to reflect capacities for inhibitory control (IC).... 相似文献
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Dennis R. Laker 《Journal of Employment Counseling》2002,39(2):61-72
Students are often uncertain and at times misinformed about the careers they are pursuing. Thus, they often make poor career decisions that they ultimately regret. The career wheel exercise is designed to help an individual to be better informed and thus make better career‐related decisions. This article describes the career wheel exercise, which is an active career exploration device. Through this exercise, students validate or invalidate their beliefs and assumptions about the careers they are actively pursuing or contemplating. Thus, they are able to make a more informed career and job choice. 相似文献
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