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1.
V Wieczorek G Seifferth H Pothe H Kluge 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1989,41(10):609-613
Till now almost nothing has been published about normal liquor findings in spinal cord tumours. Out of 503 cases there were normal findings of total proteins and cells in 30 cases (6 per cent). A connection with the severity of the compression-syndrome was not evident. Nevertheless liquor examinations are important in diseases of the medulla spinalis. This is especially useful in the differential diagnostical demarcation of inflammable spinal cord diseases, accompanying reactions or bleedings into the spinal channel. 相似文献
2.
H Kluge G E Kühne W Hartmann 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1987,39(9):557-560
The paper is concerned with an attempt to generalize and categorize current hypotheses on the biochemical basis of ECT. The hypotheses are critically evaluated with respect to the relevance of their experimental fundamentals. Thus, certain hypotheses are valid only in a qualified sense. Particular interest is focussed on those conceptions which try to correlate ECT-induced changes in synaptic receptor sensitivities (up-/down-regulation) with super- resp. subsensitivity hypotheses of psychoses. In this connection, noradrenergic and opioid systems on the one hand, and the axis hypothalamus-hypophysis on the other hand seem to play a dominant role. 相似文献
3.
People’s beliefs concerning their abilities differ. Incremental theorists believe their abilities (e.g., intelligence) are malleable; entity theorists believe their abilities are fixed (Dweck in Mindset: the new psychology of success. Random House, New York, 2007). On the basis that incremental theorists should emphasize improving their abilities for the future, whereas entity theorists should emphasize demonstrating their abilities in the present reality, we predicted that, when thinking about their wishes, compared to entity theorists, incremental theorists focus more toward the desired future than the present reality. We assessed participants’ motivational focus using a paradigm that differentiated how much they chose to imagine the desired future versus the present reality regarding an important wish (Kappes et al. in Emotion 11: 1206–1222, 2011). We found the predicted effect by manipulating (Study 1) and measuring implicit theories (Study 2), in the academic (Study 1) and in the sport domain (Study 2). 相似文献
4.
We analyzed family dynamics and coping behaviors of parents with a child with an autistic spectrum disorder. Previous research
suggests that moderate levels of cohesion and adaptability are associated with higher levels of positive coping, and that
the more coping strategies a family implements, the greater their satisfaction with family functioning. Using a family systems
approach, the relationships among the familial variables of cohesion, adaptability, and social support were evaluated for
their contributions to coping in the family unit. We also compared the responses of mothers and fathers. Surprisingly, for
these parents of children with autism, those who rated their family as enmeshed implemented more positive coping strategies
than did those from other cohesion styles. This finding suggests that the enmeshed style may be more adaptive for a family
that encounters extreme challenges. Notably, mothers and fathers agreed on all variables except for perception of social support
from family and friends. Mothers perceived more social support from family and friends. The results lead to several interesting
suggestions for future research. 相似文献
5.
S von Kluge F R Brush 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》1992,106(3):248-253
Syracuse high- and low-avoidance Long-Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus; SHA/Bru and SLA/Bru) were selectively bred for good and poor active-avoidance learning. However, SLA/Bru animals are superior to SHA/Bru rats in conditioned suppression and passive avoidance learning. In this experiment, saccharin taste and almond odor were the components of a compound conditioned stimulus (flavor) in an illness-induced aversive conditioning paradigm. SLA/Bru rats (n = 17) showed stronger conditioned flavor, taste, and odor aversion than did SHA/Bru animals (n = 18). Unselected Long-Evans rats (n = 18) were intermediate between the selected strains. SLA/Bru and Long-Evans rats showed taste-potentiated odor aversions in this experiment, whereas SHA/Bru animals did not. The results provide evidence that genetic factors, as exemplified by the different strains, are importantly involved in the mechanisms underlying interoceptive and exteroceptive aversive conditioning. 相似文献
6.
The paper deals with the central regulation of the circadian rhythm of the melatonin in the pineal gland by light according to the literature. Examples of the effects of melatonin and their inclusion in the total endocrine complexity are pointed out. Possibilities for a therapy of chronobiological diseases with bright light resulting from animal experiments are discussed in connection with requirements for a future application to the therapy of human beings. 相似文献
7.
8.
Stuart R. Ellins Silvia von Kluge 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》1990,42(1):73-86
The effects of spatial location of an auditory stimulus and quality of a potentiating taste on the aversive conditioning of an auditory food cue were investigated. In Experiment 1 rats ate salty food activating a tone from a speaker either in (spatially contiguous with) or displaced from the food and were then made ill. It was found that spatial contiguity during conditioning resulted in avoidance of food with a contiguous or a displaced tone in testing, and spatial displacement during conditioning resulted in avoidance of food only if the tone was also displaced in testing. Experiment 2 was identical, except rats ate salty, bitter, or sweet food with a displaced tone during conditioning and testing. The salty and bitter food groups demonstrated an avoidance of noisy food relative to the sweet food group. These results indicate that spatial contiguity interacts with taste quality in the conditioning of nongustatory food cues. 相似文献
9.
Eike-Henner W. Kluge 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2009,30(5):351-366
Substitute decision-makers for severely disabled neonates who can be kept alive but who will require constant medical interventions
and will die at the latest in their teens are faced with a difficult decision when trying to decide whether to keep the infant
alive. By and large, the primary focus of their decision-making centers on what is in the best interests of the newborn. The
best-interests criterion, in turn, is importantly conditioned by quality-of-life considerations. However, the concept of quality
of life is logically and ethically different for patients with a developing as opposed to a developed awareness. Unfortunately,
this difference is ignored by current quality-of-life considerations, there are no quality-of-life measures that take this
difference into account, and decision-making proceeds entirely without acknowledging this fact. This note outlines why this
is a problem and why there is a need for a new set of tools that incorporates this distinction if the substitute decision-makers
are to apply the best-interest criterion in a meaningful way. 相似文献
10.
Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - The notion of cerebral death is examined in relation to those of cardiopulmonary and whole-brain death. It is argued that rather than being a new concept of... 相似文献