Taoistic Psychology of Creativity

In this paper, Lao Tzu's Tao is psychologically reinterpreted in terms of Taoistic cognition, Taoistic objectivity, and Taoistic creativity. All of these three domains are interrelated and are characterized by the attitude of let-be. Taoistic cognition is mainly a kind of intuition or personal knowledge. Taoistic objectivity is interpreted by will-free motivation which allow others to be and to obtain insight. Taoistic creativity involves incubation, syntectic thinking, and the unification through the opposites. Lao Tzu's Taoism is mainly related to artistic creativity, but its influence on mental health and scientific creativity is also discussed.     

小学儿童形象与語詞記忆特点的初步实驗研究

目的根据馬克思列宁主义反映论的观点,記忆过程和其他心理过程一样,是客观現实在人脑中的反映。客观現实的对象和現象对人的作用,不外是形象的与語詞的两种主要形式,因此,形象的东西利語詞的材料,就构成了記忆过程和其他心理过程反映的主要內容。形象的、語詞的材料,不仅是人的記忆的主要內容,而且从个体記忆的发展来看,形象     

INFLUENCES OF LEXICAL PROCESSING ON READING

Reading begins with the very early lexical processing, which is no less complex than the whole reading task. The purpose of the present study is to investigate how early lexical processing (word recognition) could influence reading. The results of this study reveal several facts. First of all, the reader does not necessarily rely on every letter in order to recognize a word; contexts do help the reader determine word patterns. Secondly, when being requested to memorize a passage, the less-proficient reader tends to remember the physical forms of words only, but the proficient reader tends to remember the meanings of the passage in addition to physical words. Thirdly, a reader s speed of word recognition influences the speed of meaning retrieval and comprehension. It was found that less-proficient readers could not finish the task of word recognition within time limits and their accuracy rates were quite low, whereas the proficient readers processed the physical words immediately and translated them into meanings quickly in order to memorize the whole passage.