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1.
The imaginary audience of 328 early and late adolescents was studied from the viewpoint of providing educators and clinicians with insight into its attributes--those which both facilitate and hinder youths' development. Early adolescents (about 14 or 15 years of age) displayed a greater awareness of an imaginary audience which probably contributed to their observed, elevated group dependence. Unexpectedly, the shyness of adolescents highly sensitive to an imaginary audience increased with age, possibly because they are unwilling to provide themselves with the social experiences necessary for decentering. Likewise, those highly sensitive to an imaginary audience projected low self-concepts and thus imply that their audience is relatively critical; thus, they probably validate a self-fulfilling prophecy, oblivious to a possible contradictory external reality. The anticipated fact that females appeared to be less socially bold and more group dependent than males might account, in part, for females' greater responsiveness to an imaginary audience. It is suggested that educators and clinicians encourage youth to validate social hypotheses in order to promote the dissolution of the imaginary audience, especially of those who are shy and display self-deprecatory tendencies. 相似文献
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Wetzel RD Brim J Guze SB Cloninger CR Martin RL Clayton PJ 《Psychological reports》1999,85(1):341-348
44 items on the MMPI were identified which appear to correspond to some of the symptoms in nine of the 10 groups on the Perley-Guze checklist for somatization disorder (hysteria). This list was organized into two scales, one reflecting the total number of symptoms endorsed and the other the number of organ systems with at least one endorsed symptom. Full MMPIs were then obtained from 29 women with primary affective disorder and 37 women with somatization disorder as part of a follow-up study of a consecutive series of 500 psychiatric clinic patients seen at Washington University. Women with the diagnosis of somatization disorder scored significantly higher on the somatization disorder scales created from the 44 items than did women with only major depression. These new scales appeared to be slightly more effective in identifying somatization disorder than the use of the standard MMPI scales for hypochondriasis and hysteria. Further development is needed. 相似文献
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Philosophical Studies - 相似文献
5.
The goal of this study was to examine how individual variation in readers’ skills and, in particular, their background knowledge
about a text are related to text memory. Recollection and familiarity estimates were obtained from remember and know judgments
to text ideas. Recollection estimates to old items were predicted by readers’ background knowledge, but not by other comprehension-related
factors, such as word-decoding skill and working memory capacity. False alarms involving recollection of new items (inferences)
were diminished as a function of verbal ability, working memory capacity, and reasoning but increased as a function of background
knowledge. The results suggest that recollection indexes the reader’s ability to construct a text representation in which
text ideas are integrated with relevant domain knowledge. Moreover, these results highlight the importance of background knowledge
in explaining individual variation in comprehension and memory for text. 相似文献
6.
James Wetzel 《Modern Theology》2002,18(3):375-394
This essay borrows Dante's inspiration in the Inferno to explore a theology of hell. The usual apologies for hell either bank on a retributive paradigm of justice or are content to have hell introduce a note of tragedy into the history of redemption. The theology that is culled from Dante, and especially from his handling of Virgil's place and authority in hell, is neither retributive in its justice nor tragic in its vision. Dante shows us how to make some sense of the idea that hell is originally a part of the created order and as such expresses divine wisdom, justice, and love. 相似文献
7.
Toni Schindler Zimmerman Layne A. Prest & Barbara E. Wetzel 《Journal of Family Therapy》1997,19(2):125-144
The professional literature contains numerous theoretical and case study articles regarding the development and use of solution-focused therapy. However, as with many models of systems-oriented therapy in use with couples, very little has been subjected to empirical investigation. This project was designed to make a contribution to the empirical literature regarding the effectiveness of solution-focused therapy in use with couples' groups. This study utilized pre-test comparisons of treatment and comparison groups, and examined pre- to post-test changes in the scores of the treatment group couples. Twenty-three treatment group couples participated in a six-week solution-focused couples therapy (SFCT) group. A separate group of thirteen couples served as a comparison group. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) was used to assess changes in the couples' relationships. Scores on the Marital Status Inventory (MSI), as a pre-test measure indicating the couples' likelihood of divorce, indicated no significant differences between groups. The remaining analyses revealed significant improvement in DAS scores. Self-reports from the couples involved indicate improvement in a variety of areas after completing the six-week solution-focused couples group therapy process. 相似文献
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Categorical perception of voicing contrasts was evaluated in rhesus monkeys. The monkeys had been chronically exposed to subclinical levels of lead either from conception to birth, or for approximately 6 months postnatally beginning at birth, or were never exposed to lead. Auditory evoked responses were recorded at 1 year of age from scalp electrodes placed over the left and right hemispheres during stimulus presentation. A late component of the brain responses recorded from the right temporal region of all monkeys discriminated between stimuli in a categorical manner. This pattern of responses was noted to be similar to that previously reported for humans. Categorical discriminations were also noted earlier in the waveforms for control monkeys and for monkeys exposed to lead prenatally, although this discrimination pattern shifted to the left hemisphere of the latter group. No such effects were noted for monkeys exposed to lead postnatally. These results suggest that the neurocortical mechanisms associated with categorical perception for voicing information may be similar across human and nonhuman primates. However, early exposure to lead appears to alter these processes. 相似文献
10.
Regression of autonomic symptoms in alcoholic polyneuropathy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W Wetzel D Müller R D Koch 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1989,41(9):553-555