Mothers' Reactions to Preschoolers' Proactive and Reactive Aggressive Behaviours

The present study was designed to examine mothers' emotional reactions, causal attributions, and socialization strategies in response to preschool children's engagement in proactive and reactive physical aggression with peers during free play at school. Participants were 84 mothers (M_age = 31.83, SD = 4.48) with preschool‐aged children (M_age = 4.92, SD = 0. 97), residing in Ankara, Turkey. Supporting our expectations, mothers reacted with negative emotions to both functions of aggressive behaviours, with less anxiety, disappointment, embarrassment, and guilt for reactive aggression. They also believed that reactive aggression is more contextually dependent and intentional and reported more indirect (e.g., asking the child, teacher, or other children to find out more about the situation and aggressive episode) and other‐oriented strategies (e.g., telling the other child to behave properly) to address these behaviours. Overall, our findings suggest that Turkish mothers' feelings, perceptions, and socialization approaches to childhood aggression vary depending on the functions of aggression, and mothers perceive preschool‐aged children's engagement in reactive aggression in the school setting as relatively more acceptable than proactive aggression. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of Factors Affecting Self-Transcendence and Meaning in Life Among the Elderly Receiving Institutional Care

Journal of Religion and Health - This study was conducted in order to determine factors that influence self-transcendence and meaning in life in the elderly receiving institutional care. This...     

Cancer Incidence Among Syrian Refugees in Turkey, 2012–2015

According to the Turkish government reports, 2,764,500 registered Syrian refugees are living in Turkey either in refugee camps or freely. In this work, we investigated the cancer incidence among Syrian refugees settled in Turkey between the years of 2012–2015. We carried out a retrospective study of 38,243 refugees with cancer by obtaining data from Ministry of Health, Institution of Public Hospitals in Turkey from 2012 to 2015. The data includes age, type of cancer, years, and region. A statistical analysis was performed on the data collected using the SPSS 20.0 software and the results were formulated. Data were analyzed also by age and years. The mean age of the Syrian refugees was 42.63?±?20.74. When we analyzed the data, the most common types were breast (28.21%), lymphoid leukemia (8.11%), colon (6.57%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (4.87%), brain (3.51%), myeloid leukemia (3.23%), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (2.80%) among all refugees respectively. Our data showed that cancer types among Syrian refugees are generally similar with the Turkish and world cancer records.     

A Picture Database for Verbs and Nouns with Different Action Content in Turkish

In this study we present a picture database of 160 nouns and 160 verbs. All verbs and nouns are divided into two groups as action and non-action words. Age of acquisition, familiarity, imageability, name agreement and complexity norms are reported alongside frequency, word length and morpheme count for each word. Data were collected from 600 native Turkish adults in total. The results show that although several measures have weak correlations with each other, only age of acquisition had moderate downhill relationships with familiarity and frequency with familiarity and frequency having a rather strong positive correlation with each other. The norms and the picture database are available as supplemental materials for use in psycholinguistic studies in Turkish.     

Counterproductive Work Behavior Among White‐Collar Employees: A study from Turkey

The current study was designed to evaluate the magnitude and types of counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) among a group of white‐collar employees from different firms. A total of 766 employees voluntarily participated in our study. We focused especially on employees' perceptions of their work environment and on their affective responses to those perceptions. Data were dependent on self‐reporting and privacy, and anonymity measures were taken into account. The five different instruments used to evaluate job satisfaction were, organizational constraints, interpersonal conflict, quantitative workload and CWB. We found a high degree of job satisfaction, a minimal quantitative workload and a limited exhibition of CWBs among our sample. Organizational constraints were found to be the most strongly correlated to exhibited CWBs, followed by interpersonal conflict and quantitative workload. Job satisfaction had a diminishing effect on CWBs. Among the five dimensions of CWBs, abuse and withdrawal were found to be the most important. The most frequently reported CWB was ‘came to work late without permission.’ Except for income we found no statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics and the exhibition of CWBs. We concluded that by abolishing pre‐existing organizational constraints there may be a reduction in CWBs.     

Factors Challenging the Spiritual Rehabilitation of Iranian Men Affected by Natural Disasters: A Qualitative Study

Journal of Religion and Health - Spiritual health is one important dimension of human health. Natural disasters, however, can adversely affect human spiritual health. One of the undeniable...