List of publications: Husserliana (also translations) and Phaenomenologica

List of publications: Husserliana (also translations) and Phaenomenologica     

CO-WORKER IMPLEMENTED JOB TRAINING: THE USE OF COINCIDENTAL TRAINING AND QUALITY-CONTROL CHECKING ON THE FOOD PREPARATION SKILLS OF TRAINEES WITH MENTAL RETARDATION

In two studies, co-workers of persons with disabilities were taught to use coincidental training procedures while completing their own jobs. In Study 1, the effects of coincidental training on the salad-making skills of 3 trainees with mild and moderate mental retardation were evaluated. Coincidental training by co-workers resulted in improved accuracy of the salad-making skills of the trainees. In Study 2, trainees were also coincidentally taught to make quality-control checks of their salads. An alternating treatments and multiple baseline design indicated that the trainees more readily acquired the skills when taught to check the correctness of their work.     

Subjective quality of life of surgically treated glioma patients undergoing polychemotherapy

25 patients with glioma were questioned as to how they apprehended and appreciated their state of health and their psychosocial situation 1 1/2 years (s = 4 months) after the start of their postoperative polychemotherapy. In their opinion, their health was relatively good, that is, they claimed to suffer little pain, few complaints, little feeling of inadequacy, few fears for the future. They regarded the mode of treatment as being somewhat more inconvenient. Such an unexpectedly positive response, in view of the poor prospect, raises the question as to its provenance. A significant cause is seen in the organic psycho-syndrome, and its significance is made the subject of the concluding discussion, with reference to adaptation mechanisms and specifics of the illness.     

RELATIONS BETWEEN PREDICTION- AND ESTIMATION-RESPONSES IN CUE-PROBABILITY LEARNING AND TRANSFER

B auer M arianne Relations between prediction- and estimation-responses in cue-probability learning and transfer. Scand. J. Psychol ., 1972, 13 , 198–207. —Comparisons were made between prediction- and estimation-responses, preceded by training with different types of responding and when task probabilities were shifted. The main results were: ( a ) differential effects of procedure of learning and shift in task structure on predictions and estimates support the hypothesis of two different processes, ( b ) estimates as indicators of probability learning reflect traits assumed to characterize the perception process, viz. sensitivity to shifts in probabilities, and robustness against influence from procedure of learning, and ( c ) prediction-responses were affected in the direction of more extreme responses by simultaneous estimation, which result strengthens the supposition that probability estimates are insufficient as indicators of the complete perception process in a prediction task.     

Direct quantitative judgments of sums and a two-stage model for psychophysical judgments

Judged magnitudes of differences between stimuli have previously been shown to support a two-stage interpretation of magnitude estimation, in which input transformations and output transformations are each describable as power functions. In an effort to provide support for the model independent of the difference estimation procedure. the present investigation employed two additional judgment tasks. We obtained magnitude judgments and category judgments of the combined magnitudes (sums) of paired weights from two groups of Ss. Values of the inferred input exponent k calculated from the two sets of data were very similar and were also remarkably similar to the exponent previously calculated from magnitude estimations of differences between weights. The output exponent calculated from magnitude judgments of sums described a concave upward function; however. the similar function describing category judgments was essentially linear. These results show that the inferred input exponent is not the result of the difference estimation task, and in addition provides support for the contention that the interval scale may be a less biased sensory measure than the magnitude scale. The introduction of an additive constant to the model improved its fit to the data but the rule by which it was introduced made very little difference.     

Child and adolescent psychopathology research: Problems and prospects for the 1990s

In November 1990 the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) convened a special conference of over 100 scientists and leaders to outline specific strategies and research initiatives that should be developed to implement the recently released National Plan for Research on Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders.Participants included journal editors, educators from psychology and psychiatry, representatives from private foundations, and leaders of research program areas in public funding agencies. Critical knowledge gaps were identified in five areas of child and adolescent psychopathology, including depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, the anxiety disorders, and the developmental disorders. For each of these areas, special emphasis was placed on developing new ideas and obtaining critical input from other areas of investigation. This report summarizes the identified research gaps and recommends research initiatives to implement the National Plan, as outlined by the conference participants.     

Magnetoencephalography--current trends

The review deals with the method of magnet-encephalography. The physical principles and the most important technical conditions to put into practice this method are mentioned. Comparing with the electroencephalography this method shows various advantages, what leads to its intensive use for the localisation of components of evoked potentials, for the magnet-encephalographic record of the brain activity of the human fetus, and for the localisation of epileptic foci in therapy resistant epileptics.     

A Legacy of Silence: Bioethics and the Culture of Pain

For over 20 years the medical literature has carefully documented the undertreatment of all types of pain by physicians. During this same period, as the field of bioethics came of age, the phenomenon of undertreated pain received almost no attention from the bioethics literature. This article takes bioethicists to task for failing to recognize the undertreatment of pain as a major ethical, and not merely a clinical, failing of the medical profession. The nature and extent of the problem of undertreated pain is examined, as well as possible reasons for its disregard by bioethicists. The factors contributing to undertreated pain in the clinical setting are considered, as well as the hazards posed by recent failures to address ethically questionable clinical practices. Finally, suggestions are offered for refocusing the attention of bioethicists to this significant problem.