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CARLOS ALBERTO SANCHEZ 《Heythrop Journal》2010,51(3):442-453
This paper traces the concept and phenomenon of generosity from Aristotle to Emannuel Levinas and beyond. The question motivating this investigation is: must the generous act be restricted by a rational calculation of correct, or prudent, giving? Answers to this question vary. Aristotle and Kant would answer in the affirmative, while Emerson and Levinas would (apparently) not. The bulk of this paper is dedicated to Levinas's characterization of excessive generosity as a condition for the fundamental ethical relation, namely, the generous welcome of the Other. I end by considering the phenomenon of generosity from the point of view of the mid‐20th century Mexican philosopher, Emilio Uranga. 相似文献
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JOSE ALBERTO ZUSMAN ELIE CHENIAUX SERGIO DE FREITAS 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2007,88(1):113-125
The IPA recently announced that it now recognized three sessions per week as a valid frequency for psychoanalytic treatment. From the debate that has ensued over the problems this decision is expected to cause, important insights can be gained into the current crisis of identity affl icting psychoanalysis. Technical aspects of therapy that were once considered peripheral have gradually acquired the status of core theoretical parameters. Freud was a man of science who was concerned with universal human phenomena. His disagreements with followers such as Jung and Adler centred on the major theoretical issues of the sexual nature of the libido and the existence of the unconscious. It is also interesting to note that Freud never distinguished between psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Where he did make a distinction, it was between psychoanalysis and the consciousness‐based psychotherapies, or those that used suggestion as a major tool. When the point has been reached where the frequency of sessions or the use of a couch is used to defi ne whether a treatment is psychoanalytic, some consideration of whether the right direction is being pursued is called for. A serious risk is being run of sacrifi cing our spirit of curiosity for the sake of tradition, becoming more concerned with repeating the formal aspects of practice than with the real purpose of psychoanalysis, the investigation of the most profound workings of human nature. 相似文献
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This paper presents a new account of Hume’s “probability of causes”. There are two main results attained in this investigation.
The first, and perhaps the most significant, is that Hume developed – albeit informally – an essentially sound system of probabilistic
inductive logic that turns out to be a powerful forerunner of Carnap’s systems. The Humean set of principles include, along
with rules that turn out to be new for us, well known Carnapian principles, such as the axioms of semiregularity, symmetry
with respect to individuals (exchangeability), predictive irrelevance and positive instantial relevance. The second result
is that Hume developed an original conception of probability, which is subjective in character, although it differs from contemporary
personalistic views because it includes constraints that are additional to simple consistency and do not vary between different
persons. The final section is a response to Gower’s thesis, by which Hume’s probability of causes is essentially non-Bayesian
in character. It is argued that, on closer examination, Gower’s reading of the relevant passages is untenable and that, on
the contrary, they are in accordance with the Bayesian reconstruction presented in this paper.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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by ALBERTO VOLTOLINI 《Pacific Philosophical Quarterly》2009,90(3):402-418
In a very recent paper (forthcoming), Dominic McIver Lopes has claimed that pictures perceptually ground demonstrative reference to depicted objects. If as I think Lopes is right, this has important consequences for the debate on the semantics/pragmatics divide. For one can exploit Lopes' claim in order to provide one more argument in favour of the well-known contextualist thesis that wide context has not only both a pre- and a post-semantic role, but also a semantic role – to put it in Perry's (1997 ) terms. 相似文献
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