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Sequential probabilities and the performance of serial tasks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Three groups of subjects were involved in estimating movement amplitudes. Two of these groups used the method of estimation, labeling the amplitudes of simple linear movements in inches. One group made active movements, the other experienced passive movement of the arm. The third group, using the method of production, attempted to move the distance required by the experimenter’s label. Performance was described in terms of absolute, algebraic, and intrasubject variable error. No striking differences were noted between the three task groups, but males and females differed systematically. Females tended to over-estimate and males to underestimate the distances moved. Lack of evidence for any range effect suggests that subjects were operating from relatively stable perceptual traces, accessed by the verbal labels, rather than from memory traces of previous estimates of the same amplitudes. 相似文献
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Seven experiments are described on reaction time (RT1) to a first auditory stimulus in a double stimulation paradigm, where the response to a second visual stimulus was explicitly non-speeded. In all studies it was found that, compared to a single stimulus control condition, RT1 showed a constant delay of about 20–30 msec. The effect occurred irrespective of (a) the viewing conditions of the second stimulus in terms of either duration, processing demands or presence vs absence of a backward masking signal (experiments 1, 4, 5, 6, 7); (b) the duration of the interstimulus interval ranging from -200 msec up to at least a second (experiments 2, 3, 5); and (c) the processing demands of the first task (experiment 7). It is suggested that the delay reflects a basic concurrence cost which remains when two reactions can be time-shared. 相似文献
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Kristi L. Lewis David Sallee Judith Trumbo Kathryn A. Janousek 《Journal of applied social psychology》2010,40(1):195-211
Since adults 18 to 64 years of age represent the fastest growing population, we conducted a community assessment to assess health status, chronic disease prevalence, health behaviors, utilization of health screenings, and access to health care. A total of 450 adults completed a 56-item assessment on quality of life. Prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes were higher than Healthy People 2010 targets. Respondents reported poor health behaviors, such as a lack of physical activity. Data from this community assessment will be used for program development and to obtain funding. 相似文献
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Adequate Citation of data sets is crucial to the encouragement of data sharing, to the integrity and cost-effectiveness of
science and to easy access to the work of others. The citation behavior of social scientists who have published based on shared
data was examined and found to be inconsistent with important ideals of science. Insights gained from the social sciences,
where data sharing is somewhat customary, suggest policies and incentives that would foster adequate citation by secondary
users, and greater openness and sharing in other disciplines. 相似文献