A modification in scoring the ABC Scale

The scoring procedures for the Articulation of the Body-Concept (ABC) Scale to use with three-, four- and five-year-old children were modified to determine their degree of field-dependence-independence. A total of 300 children, who obtained a score of one or better on the ABC Scale, were administered the Preschool Embedded Figures Test (PEFT) and the ABC Scale. The ABC Scale was scored using its scoring procedures and the scoring procedures for the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test (GHDT). Scores on the PEFT, ABC Scale and GHDT were correlated with each other. Correlations among all cognitive measures ranged from .88 to .99, which were high and statistically significant (p < .0001). Therefore, the scoring procedures for the GHDT can be substituted in scoring the ABC Scale in assessing young children's field-dependence-independence.     

少数民族认同研究的现状

从“认同“的概念界定及其嬗变出发,介绍了西方研究者在民族认同的发展、民族认同与心理健康、民族认同与文化适应、民族认同与人格发展等方面的研究,并且概括了民族认同的一些研究策略.文章最后指出,在西部大开发的社会背景下,民族心理研究,尤其是宏观层面民族认同心理的研究对我国的现实意义.     

The relationship between the cognitive style and play behaviors of 3-to-5-year-old children

Children (N=1276) ages 3 to 5 were tested for their cognitive style (field dependence/independence) and their play behaviors were observed and recorded. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for the children's play behaviors was found to be significant by the Wilks' lambda criterion, indicating that FD and FI individuals played differently. That is, FD children engaged more in play than did FI ones. Three significant interactions were found for cognitive style and play behaviors: (a) cognitive style and play behaviors, (b) age, cognitive style, and play behaviors, and (c) age, sex, cognitive style, and play behaviors. Four- and 5-year-old FD children usually had the most play behaviors except for the leadership abilities where 3-year-old FI children had the highest scores in dramatic play. In contrast, 3- and 4-year-old FI children had the least play behaviors except for frequency of play where 5-year-old FI children had the lowest scores in all of the play areas. The children's play behaviors were also influenced by their cognitive style, sex and age.     

0―1.5岁婴儿表征能力的研究概述

就0-1.5岁婴儿的知识表征方面,该文主要介绍了国外的一些研究成果,指出婴儿的表征能力由感知表征向意义表征发展.即使很小的婴儿都已经有了相当复杂的表征能力,能初步感知典型的变化,识别不同种类物体的物体,表征事物与事物之间的空间关系、数量关系、因果关系等,对动因有一定的理解,并逐渐形成概念和图示     

组织中的心理契约

组织中的心理契约是联系员工与组织之间的心理纽带,也是影响员工行为和态度的重要因素.近年来在管理领域中对心理契约的研究出现了新的高潮.“新一代“的研究者对定量研究予以更多重视,研究主要沿着两条主线展开:心理契约的内容构成,心理契约的动态发展过程.研究结果对于在组织中形成良好的雇用关系、完善人力资源战略、制定薪酬福利政策、改进招聘及培训手段均有指导意义.     

Validation of two cognitive measures to assess field-dependence/independence

The administration and scoring procedures for the Articulation of the Body-concept Scale and the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test were adapted to assess 3- to 8-yr.-old children's magnitude of field-dependence/independence. 300 3- to 5-yr.-old and 480 6- and 8-yr.-old children were administered the appropriate forms of the Embedded Figures Test, Articulation of the Body-concept Scale, and Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test. High reliability and validity estimates were found using a variety of procedures. Scores on these tests were correlated with each other to find the relationships among the tests for both the preschool and primary children. Correlations for the preschool children were stronger than those for the primary children. However, the results support the hypothesis that the administration and scoring procedures for the Articulation of the Body-concept Scale and the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test can be used to determine preschool and primary children's field-dependence/independence.     

儿童自我控制研究述评

儿童自我控制指的是儿童对优势反应的抑制和劣势反应的唤起的能力.文章概述了近年来国外该领域研究的一些主要成果及研究动态,包括自控涵义上的争论、早期发生的认知基础及其表现、稳定性与性别差异上的表现、注意及语言与自控的关系、父母抚养方式对自控形成的影响等.最后,对该领域未来的发展趋势作了展望.