排序方式: 共有60条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Andrew R. Craig William E. Sullivan Kaitlyn O. Browning Nicole M. DeRosa Henry S. Roane 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2020,113(1):141-152
Previous work from our laboratory showed that intermittently re-exposing rats to reinforcement for lever pressing in a training (A) context, while eliminating lever pressing in a second (B) context, increased ABA renewal of lever pressing relative to rats that experienced only Context B during response elimination. In the current study, we replicated these procedures while assessing renewal in the presence of a novel context (i.e., ABC renewal). Unlike the findings described above, renewal was reduced in the group that experienced re-exposure to Context A during lever-press elimination relative to rats that experienced only Context B. These findings suggest that alternating between contexts associated with reinforcement and extinction during treatment reduces the probability that organisms will respond in novel contexts. These outcomes may be the result of discrimination and/or generalization processes. Moreover, this training procedure may offer a potential mitigation strategy for ABC renewal. 相似文献
2.
Taravella CC Lerman DC Contrucci SA Roane HS 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2000,33(1):105-108
The generality of the findings reported by DeLeon, Iwata, and Roscoe (1997) was examined by conducting two stimulus-choice preference assessments, the second of which evaluated low-ranked items from the initial assessment. Results for the 2 participants suggested that supplementary assessments of low-ranked items may be useful for identifying a wider variety of reinforcing stimuli. 相似文献
3.
An evaluation of response cost in the treatment of inappropriate vocalizations maintained by automatic reinforcement 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Falcomata TS Roane HS Hovanetz AN Kettering TL Keeney KM 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2004,37(1):83-87
In the current study, we examined the utility of a procedure consisting of noncontingent reinforcement with and without response cost in the treatment of inappropriate vocalizations maintained by automatic reinforcement. Results are discussed in terms of examining the variables that contribute to the effectiveness of response cost as treatment for problem behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement. 相似文献
4.
D C Lerman M E Kelley C M Van Camp H S Roane 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1999,32(2):197-200
Extinction of operant behavior has been associated with a number of undesirable effects. One such effect is the temporary reappearance of behavior after responding appears to be completely extinguished, known as spontaneous recovery. In this report, the occurrence of spontaneous recovery and its attenuation with large amounts of reinforcement were examined during the treatment of disruption. 相似文献
5.
6.
Products of modal logics, part 1 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
7.
Wayne W. Fisher Valdeep Saini Brian D. Greer William E. Sullivan Henry S. Roane Ashley M. Fuhrman Andrew R. Craig Ryan T. Kimball 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2019,111(1):75-93
Concepts from behavioral momentum theory, along with some empirical findings, suggest that the rate of baseline reinforcement may contribute to the relapse of severe destructive behavior. With seven children who engaged in destructive behavior, we tested this hypothesis in the context of functional communication training by comparing the effects of different baseline reinforcement rates on resurgence during a treatment challenge (i.e., extinction). We observed convincing resurgence of destructive behavior in four of seven participants, and we observed more resurgence in the condition associated with high‐rate baseline reinforcement (i.e., variable‐interval 2 s in Experiment 1 or fixed‐ratio 1 in Experiment 2) compared to a low‐rate baseline reinforcement condition. We discuss the implications of these results relative to schedules of reinforcement in the treatment of destructive behavior and strategies to mitigate resurgence in clinical settings. 相似文献
8.
In this article, the literature examining the relationship between testosterone and various cognitive domains in elderly men is reviewed. The review focuses on the role of endogenous testosterone levels and the effects of androgen depletion and replacement. The cognitive domains most commonly linked to testosterone include memory and visuospatial function. Indeed, the literature suggests that in certain conditions (ie, hypogonadism, cognitive impairment) testosterone levels may be significantly associated with memory and visuospatial function, but not other cognitive functions. Studies with larger sample sizes and more sensitive cognitive measures are indicated, as questions remain about the potential role of testosterone as a cognitive enhancer. 相似文献
9.
Emily L Barnoy Adel C Najdowski Jonathan Tarbox Arthur E Wilke Megan D Nollet Henry Roane 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(4):845-848
Bruxism, forceful grinding of one's teeth together, can produce destructive outcomes such as wear on the teeth and damaged gums and bone structures. The current study implemented a multicomponent intervention that consisted of vocal and physical cues to decrease rates of bruxism. A partial component analysis suggested that the vocal cue was only effective at decreasing levels of bruxism when paired with a simultaneous physical cue. 相似文献
10.
Megan R Heinicke James E Carr Michael P Mozzoni Henry Roane 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(4):861-865
The present study investigated the effects of contingency‐specifying rules and a token economy to decrease the latency to comply with academic instructions by a 16‐year‐old girl with acquired brain injury. Results showed that treatment was successful in reducing academic response latencies. These results replicate previous research in which differential reinforcement was used to decrease slow responding to academic tasks. 相似文献