Adaptation and communicative design.

Two theoretical frameworks that examine the nature of adaptability and mutual influence in interaction, interpersonal deception theory and interaction adaptation theory, were used to derive hypotheses concerning patterns of interaction that occur across time in truthful and deceptive conversations. Two studies were conducted in which senders were either truthful or deceptive in their interactions with a partner who increased or decreased involvement during the latter half of the conversation. Results revealed that deceivers felt more anxious and were more concerned about self‐presentation than truthtellers prior to the interaction and displayed less initial involvement than truthtellers. Patterns of interaction were also moderated by deception. Deceivers increased involvement over time but also reciprocated increases or decreases in receiver involvement. However, deceivers were less responsive than truthtellers to changes in receiver behavior. Finally, partner involvement served as feedback to senders regarding their own performance.     

Research,policy, and the federal role in prevention initiatives for children

With the ability and the funds to implement programs on a national level, federal policy is a potentially potent tool in primary prevention. Despite the U.S. government's history of ambivalence toward intervening in child rearing and limited national support for primary prevention, several initiatives have been implemented for children and families with some measure of success. The successes, however, are mitigated by limitations of the initiatives themselves and by the inconclusive nature of much of the evaluation data. This review of 5 federal policy-based initiatives for children and families provides the backdrop for discussing aspects of federal prevention program design, implementation, policy, and research.     

COMMENTS

The Irish are not in a conspiracy to cheat the world by the false representations of the merits of their countrymen.

No, sir; the Irish are a fair people — they never speak well of one another

Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Boswell's Life Johnson     

小学儿童形象与語詞記忆特点的初步实驗研究

目的根据馬克思列宁主义反映论的观点,記忆过程和其他心理过程一样,是客观現实在人脑中的反映。客观現实的对象和現象对人的作用,不外是形象的与語詞的两种主要形式,因此,形象的东西利語詞的材料,就构成了記忆过程和其他心理过程反映的主要內容。形象的、語詞的材料,不仅是人的記忆的主要內容,而且从个体記忆的发展来看,形象