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1.
Patrice Rosenthal 《Sex roles》1996,34(1-2):1-15
The study addresses the effect of gender on managers' causal explanations for subordinate work performance. Prior laboratory studies suggest women's work performance will be attributed in a manner disadvantageous to their career progression within organizations. There are, however, numerous reasons to question the generalizability of the laboratory work to organizational settings. The study was performed to address the gap in field research on this issue. Ninety-three mainly Caucasian managers in two organizations made attributions for successful and unsuccessful performance of direct subordinates. Contrary to the hypotheses, subordinate gender was unrelated to managers' causal explanations for either positive or negative outcomes. Implications of the results for future research on attributional gender effects in organizational settings are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Investigations have focused on influence tactic pattern use in relation to socialized power differences due to gender. We carried Swap and Rubin's (1987) Interpersonal Orientation (IO) variable into the Buss, Gomes, Higgins, & Lauterbach (1987) framework for manipulation tactic use. Subjects were male and female undergraduates (N= 53) who scored either in the upper or lower quartiles of the IO scale. At testing, high and low IO subjects completed a demographic questionnaire and the Manipulation Tactics index with regard to a close, opposite-sex friend. We found that high IO females reported more frequent use of manipulation tactics than low IO females. Males' reported use of manipulation tactics was unrelated to their IO status. The results were discussed in terms of possible adaptive patterns developed by females to deal with perceived chronic powerlessness. 相似文献
3.
Robert Reardon 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1996,74(3):280-285
This article describes a procedure for analyzing personnel salary costs of a self-directed career decision-making program using actual client data. These data are then compared to hypothetical data for a comparable individual career counseling program. Policy and management issues related to self-directed and individual career counseling service delivery program models are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Roy H. Marlowe Charles H. Madsen Charles E. Bowen Robert C. Reardon Patrick E. Logue 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1978,11(1):53-66
This experiment was designed to determine the relative effectiveness of teacher and counselling approaches in the reduction of disruptive or inappropriate classroom behavior. Inappropriate classroom behavior frequencies of 12 academically low achieving, seventh-grade, black male students, with a reported high rate of inappropriate classroom behavior, were recorded. Three groups, with nearly equal mean inappropriate behaviors, were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: behavioral counselling, client-centered counselling, or no counselling. Each counselling group received fifteen 30-minute counselling sessions, at a rate of two to three times a week. In addition to counselling, all students subsequently received teacher approval within the classroom. Results indicated that the teacher was able to reduce inappropriate behavior more than any counselling group. There were also indications that behavioral counselling, but not client-centered counselling, was moderately helpful in reducing inappropriate classroom behavior. 相似文献
5.
Patrice L. French 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》1979,8(5):425-449
It has repeatedly been shown that three-term-series problems with unmarked comparatives (e.g., taller, higher) are solved more quickly than otherwise identical problems using their marked opposites (e.g., shorter, lower). Clark's principle of lexical marking accounts for these results in terms of a simpler semantic featural coding of the unmarked comparative with respect to its marked counterpart. Huttenlocher's theory of spatial imagery accounts for these same results via the subjects' mental ordering of the three terms as instructed by the problem statements. The present research demonstrated that while the lower latency of the unmarked adjective is a reliable effect, congruent ordering strategies are necessary for significant results. Subjects who order terms from unmarked to marked produce significant results for Clark's principle of lexical marking. Those who order terms in opposite direction do not. Further, it is shown that the choice of direction of ordering is itself significantly influenced by the affective value of the adjectives in context and to the individual subject.This research is based on a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the doctoral degree to the University of Illinois. 相似文献
6.
Paul White Robert Reardon Sandra Barker Arthur Carlson 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1979,58(4):292-295
To improve career planning services for visually impaired persons, the career center at Florida State University developed a self-directed program. This article describes strategies for making career information materials and resources more accessible to the blind. 相似文献
7.
A device is described which automatically measures barpresses reinforced by short opportunities to attack male mice. Data on barpress rates indicate rapid and reliable acquisition of preferences for reinforcer bars and rapid abolition of this preference when the reinforcement contingency is subsequently eliminated. The data are less reliable for reversal learning. 相似文献
8.
Radez Jerica Waite Polly Chorpita Bruce Creswell Cathy Orchard Faith Percy Ray Spence Susan H. Reardon Tessa 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2021,49(9):1241-1257
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology - The purpose of this study was to identify items from the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale – RCADS-C/P that provided a... 相似文献
9.
This study examined the relation between elevation of the infrequency (F) scale on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the classification of psychological disorders as chronic or acute in an outpatient mental health setting. MMPI-2 and clinician rating data at time of intake were considered for 158 adult patients from an outpatient clinic. The results indicate that elevation on the F scale is associated with more chronic disorders even after the influence of other variables, such as age and comorbidity of other disorders, is statistically accounted for These results are discussed in terms of the utility and incremental validity of including the F scale as part of diagnostic screening. 相似文献
10.
Little is known about what predicts the budding sense of self-competence in preschoolers. This is particularly true of cognitive competence, which may have implications for later schooling. Based on previous research with older children, it was expected that feelings of self-competence would be influenced by attitudes of significant others as well as intrapersonal dispositions. Forty-five Head Start preschoolers (M age = 4.36 years) served as participants. As expected, high effortful control and language competence, as well as teachers' ratings of competence, predicted positive feelings about cognitive competence in children. Further analysis revealed that the teachers' ratings were predicted by maternal education and language competence. The findings suggest that the development of cognitive self-concept in preschoolers is predicted by contextual and constitutional factors. 相似文献