Aphasia type and aging in Hindi-speaking stroke patients

In this study, the clinical profile of Hindi-speaking stroke patients with aphasia from northern India has been investigated. We examined the interactional effect between age and gender with aphasia type in 97 Hindi-speaking right-handed individuals, the majority of them with a confirmed diagnosis of a cerebrovascular accident. The subjects included in the study ranged from 3 weeks to two years post-onset with a diagnosis of a common classical aphasia (Broca's, Wernicke's, anomic, global, conduction, and transcortical) types involving both males and females. Also examined was the interaction between literacy and aphasia type since the subjects had varied exposures to education (total illiteracy to professional/university education). While the data reported here about Hindi-speaking aphasics are relatively in agreement with the age-aphasia type patterns discussed in western countries, nonetheless some differences were also observed. The mean age of Indian patients with aphasia was significantly lower. Also, in addition to some gender and literacy related differences, an outstanding difference was that many clinical symptoms that are known to co-occur with aphasia were not readily reported by subjects with stroke.     

An evaluation of the ability to voluntarily reduce the heart rate after a month of yoga practice

The study aimed at determining whether novices to yoga would be able to reduce their heart rate voluntarily and whether the magnitude of reduction would be more after 30 days of yoga training. Two groups (yoga and control,n=12 each) were assessed on Day 1 and on Day 30. During the intervening 30 days, the yoga group received training in yoga techniques while the control group carried on with their routine. At each assessment the baseline heart rate was recorded for one minute, this was followed by a six-minute period during which participants were asked to attempt to voluntarily reduce their heart rate, using any strategy. Both the baseline heart rate and the lowest heart rate achieved voluntarily during the six-minute period were significantly lower in the yoga group on Day 30 compared to Day 1 by a group average of 10.7 beats per minute (i.e., bpm) and 6.8 bpm, respectively (p<.05, Wilcoxon paired signed ranks test). In contrast, there was no significant change in either the baseline heart rate or the lowest heart rate achieved voluntarily in the control group on Day 30 compared to Day 1. The results suggest that yoga training can enable practitioners to use their own strategies to reduce the heart rate, which has possible therapeutic applications.     

Therapy Process: A Reflective Account from Therapist’s Perspective

A case report is presented providing an account of therapy process and describing the therapist’s reflection on the process of therapy. It draws attention to the course of building hypothesis and clinical formulation, the core nucleus of any therapy. The paper highlights the change in therapy goals in different phases of therapy with the introduction of new information. It also underlines the fact that hypotheses in the formulation need to be constantly updated and checked against the ever changing information as therapy progresses. The importance of single case design is invaluable in the presentation of therapy process as it is more closer to clinical practice then group experimental design. Although attention to therapy process issues is important and there is no dearth of clinical material in India but there are very few published studies reporting therapy process using single case design. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to provide the account of therapy process and to share the reflections on the process of building hypothesis & formulation.     

Is Emotion Perception Relative? Evaluating Sleep Effects on Relativity of Emotion Perception

The present study examines whether valence strength causes relativistic shifts in emotion perception form faces across sleep (filled vs deprived) nights. A group of twelve volunteers participated twice (sleep/no-sleep) with fourteen days gap between participation. Subjects evaluated low valenced facial expressions (targets) in the presence on high valence facial expressions (anchors) before sleep/no sleep nights and again the following morning. Analysis of results using 2?×?2?×?2 (groups, anchor, sessions) split plot analysis of variance suggest that larger relativistic shifts were apparent in the no-sleep group. Also post sleep relativistic shifts in emotion perception were the least (p?相似文献   

An Exploration of Trainees’ Perception of Clinical Psychology Training in India: A Qualitative Analysis

This study explored trainees’ perception of clinical psychology training in India. A sample of 20 (18 females; 2 males; Mean age?=?25 years) clinical psychology trainees participated in the study following written informed consent. Participants were interviewed individually (40–50 min) using a semi-structured interview schedule developed for the study. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Broader themes were identified using principles of content analysis. The findings indicated trainees’ great enthusiasm about practical training, supervisor supervision and hospital based training. Results also showed poor recognition of the role of research and theory in training, unilateral view of supervision, poor perception of secondary goals and components of training and limited awareness about variety of clinical material. The results are indicative of trainees’ preference of clinical component of training over theory and research components of training, the backbone of prevailing systems of training globally. The preliminary findings suggest the need for further research in this area.     

The Five‐factor Model of Personality and Knowledge Transfer in the United Arab Emirates

Knowledge transfer has emerged as an important criterion in organizations for achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. While research has examined contextual determinants of knowledge transfer, very little research has considered the role of individual differences. In the present study, we addressed this issue by testing the relationship between the five‐factor model of personality and supervisory ratings of knowledge transfer in a sample of employees from the United Arab Emirates (N = 294). Our findings indicated that the extraversion (r = .22), conscientiousness (r = .18), and openness (r = .14) were significant predictors of knowledge transfer. Implications for knowledge management practices are discussed.     

Therapeutic Identity among Clinical Psychology Professionals in India

This study explored the therapeutic identity among clinical psychology professionals in India with objectives of assessing therapeutic style, attitudes, orientation, values and its relationship with work experience, age and gender. Out of 79 clinical psychology professionals contacted, 50 gave written informed consent for participation in study. The data obtained from Psycho-Therapeutic Identity Questionnaire (ThIdQ). Cluster analysis of the responses on attitude scales revealed broad themes of therapeutic identity in the form of three cluster profiles: Vague psychodynamic assumptions with high self-doubt and low optimism about change (n = 9); Entangled in their own strong feelings of limitations and doubts as a therapist (n = 16); and Eclectic approach with low self-doubt and high optimism about change(n = 25). A lack of synchrony was seen between assessed and reported therapeutic orientation with overuse of the cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) orientation. Correlation findings indicated that increased work experience in the field and higher age were associated with low self-doubt and high optimism about change in therapy. Findings on therapeutic identity provide mixed bag of results, positive as well as negative, with equal number of participants on each side.     

An Integration of Feminism into Experiential Psychotherapy

Abstract

Feminist therapy altered how marriage and family therapists conceptualized their clients’ realities and psychopathology. Upon an extensive search of the literature, there is a sparse amount of literature regarding the integration of feminist therapy with experiential therapy. The authors discuss feminist and experiential therapy models, propose a model of feminist-experiential therapy, and highlight the need and fit of these theories. A discussion on giving space to silenced voices, establishing an egalitarian relationship, expanding the definition of deviance, and exploring the importance of language will be done to aid the experiential therapist in their work and expand their client’s experience.     

Changes in middle latency auditory evoked potentials during meditation

In the present study of middle latency auditory evoked potentials during Brahmakumaris Raja Yoga meditation there was a decrease in the peak latency of the Na wave (a negative wave between 14 and 19 msec.) during meditation. Since the neural generator of this wave lies at the midbrain-thalamic level, from the results one can infer that the meditation reduces conduction time at this level.