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A reactive graph generalizes the concept of a graph by making it dynamic, in the sense that the arrows coming out from a point depend on how we got there. This idea was first applied to Kripke semantics of modal logic in [2]. In this paper we strengthen that unimodal language by adding a second operator. One operator corresponds to the dynamics relation and the other one relates paths with the same endpoint. We explore the expressivity of this interpretation by axiomatizing some natural subclasses of reactive frames. The main objective of this paper is to present a methodology to study reactive logics using the existent classic techniques. 相似文献
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U Cuesta 《Perceptual and motor skills》1989,68(1):219-226
The maximum speed at which man detects and corrects errors is analyzed on the pursuit rotor. During the prerest performance, scores of about 220 msec. are found, for both extravertive and introvertive subjects. During the postrest performance a crossover effect appeared: extraverts had scores near 60 msec., while introverts did not surpass 100 msec. The results are discussed in the framework of Eysenck and Frith's (1977) theory of reminiscence. 相似文献
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Beatriz González-Freire Isabel Vázquez-Rodríguez Pedro Marcos-Velázquez Carlos González de la Cuesta 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2010,17(3):220-229
The objectives of this study were to (a) determine prevalence of the dispositional repressive coping style as well as other
situational coping styles in a sample of asthmatic patients and (b) to analyze the capacity of these styles to predict subsequent
morbidity (emergency room visits or hospitalizations due to asthma) during a 12-month follow-up. A sample of 75 adult asthmatic
patients was selected and information about sociodemographics, asthma severity, and patient’s perception of illness severity
was collected. Repressive coping style was defined by a combination of scores obtained on the Trait Anxiety Inventory and
the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Coping styles were assessed with the dispositional version of the Coping Orientation
to Problems Experienced Inventory. Eighteen patients (24%) were classified as repressors. Repressor asthmatics obtained scores
significantly lower on Emotion-Focused Coping compared to non-repressors (F
(1,72) = 5.15, p = .026). Patients who perceived their asthma as severe reported to use Emotion-Focused Coping more than those who judged
it as mild or moderate (F
(2,71) = 4.83, p = .011). A higher use of Denial (an Emotion-Focused strategy of coping) explained 8% of variance of the frequency of emergency
room visits during the 12-month follow-up. The prevalence of repressive coping style in the asthmatic population is similar
to that registered in other populations of chronic patients, and it is also associated with the tendency to report a lower
use of strategies traditionally considered as maladaptive. The use of Emotion-Focused Coping strategies seems to be related
to a worse perception of the physical status, and among this group of strategies, Denial also could favor a poor clinical
course in bronchial asthma. 相似文献
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Begega A Méndez López M de Iscar MJ Cuesta-Izquierdo M Solís G Fernández-Colomer B Álvarez L Méndez M Arias JL 《Psicothema》2010,22(4):648-653
The aim of this study was to assess various cognitive abilities such as attention, IQ, reasoning, and memory related to academic achievement in 8- and 9-year-old preterm children. A total of 141 children were assessed. The preterm group (=37 weeks) comprised 63 children and was compared to 78 full-term children. Attention was evaluated using the d2 Selective Attention test, and the IQ by the L-M form of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, establishing a profile of abilities: perception, memory, comprehension, reasoning, and verbal fluency. Significant differences in IQ were found between the preterm and full-term children. Of the cognitive abilities assessed, the only significant differences were found in verbal fluency, with preterm boys showing lower verbal fluency scores than full-term children. In conclusion, all preterm groups have attention ability similar to that of full-term children. However, preterm children obtain lower scores in intelligence measures. In addition, preterm boys have verbal fluency difficulties. Taking into account the increase in preterm births, suitable intervention programs must be planned to attend the difficulties found. 相似文献
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Begega A Cuesta M Rubio S Méndez M Santín LJ Arias JL 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2012,97(3):346-353
Our aim was to assess the way that middle-aged rats solve spatial learning tasks that can be performed using different strategies. We assessed the brain networks involved in these spatial learning processes using Principal Component Analysis. Two tasks were performed in a complex context, a four-arm radial maze, in which each group must use either an allocentric or an egocentric strategy. Another task was performed in a simple T-maze in which rats must use an egocentric strategy. Brain metabolic activity was quantified to evaluate neural changes related to spatial learning in the described tasks. Our findings revealed that two functional networks are involved in spatial learning in aged rats. One of the networks, spatial processing, is composed of brain regions involved in the integration of sensory and motivational information. The other network, context-dependent processing, mainly involves the dorsal hippocampus and is related to the processing of contextual information from the environment. Both networks work together to solve spatial tasks in a complex spatial environment. 相似文献
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A non-monotonic logic, the Logic of Plausible Reasoning (LPR), capable of coping with the demands of what we call complex reasoning, is introduced. It is argued that creative complex reasoning is the way of reasoning required in many instances of scientific
thought, professional practice and common life decision taking. For managing the simultaneous consideration of multiple scenarios
inherent in these activities, two new modalities, weak and strong plausibility, are introduced as part of the Logic of Plausible
Deduction (LPD), a deductive logic specially designed to serve as the monotonic support for LPR. Axiomatics and semantics
for LPD, together with a completeness proof, are provided. Once LPD has been given, LPR may be defined via a concept of extension
over LPD. Although the construction of LPR extensions is first presented in standard style, for the sake of comparison with
existing non-monotonic formalisms, alternative more elegant and intuitive ways for constructing non-monotonic LPR extensions
are also given and proofs of their equivalence are presented. 相似文献
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Guillermo Vallejo Paula Fernández Marcelino Cuesta Pablo E. Livacic-Rojas 《Multivariate behavioral research》2013,48(1):75-90
This article uses Monte Carlo techniques to examine the effect of heterogeneity of variance in multilevel analyses in terms of relative bias, coverage probability, and root mean square error (RMSE). For all simulated data sets, the parameters were estimated using the restricted maximum-likelihood (REML) method both assuming homogeneity and incorporating heterogeneity into multilevel models. We find that (a) the estimates for the fixed parameters are unbiased, but the associated standard errors are frequently biased when heterogeneity is ignored; by contrast, the standard errors of the fixed effects are almost always accurate when heterogeneity is considered; (b) the estimates for the random parameters are slightly overestimated; (c) both the homogeneous and heterogeneous models produce standard errors of the variance component estimates that are underestimated; however, taking heterogeneity into account, the REML-estimations give correct estimates of the standard errors at the lowest level and lead to less underestimated standard errors at the highest level; and (d) from the RMSE point of view, REML accounting for heterogeneity outperforms REML assuming homogeneity; a considerable improvement has been particularly detected for the fixed parameters. Based on this, we conclude that the solution presented can be uniformly adopted. We illustrate the process using a real dataset. 相似文献
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Long-term reliability of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) was investigated in two follow-up studies of participants with psychosis using a test-retest method. In the first study (N = 56), the duration of the follow-up ranged from 6 months to 2 years; Spearman rho was .62 for the abridged (18 items) Spanish version of the questionnaire. In Study 2 (N = 21), in participants with stable schizophrenia, the follow-up ranged from 8 to 11 years; test-retest Spearman rho was .83 for the French version of the questionnaire. Subjective experiences could constitute, in psychosis-prone people, traits or markers of psychotic vulnerability. 相似文献
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Cuesta Izquierdo M de Iscar Pérez MJ Begega Losa MA Mendez López M Alvarez Pérez L Solís G Fernández Colomer B Arias Pérez JL 《Psicothema》2007,19(4):706-710
The psychometric properties of the d2 Selective Attention Test are analyzed in two samples of premature ( n = 63) and born-at-term ( n = 78) children. The reliability coefficients (internal consistency) reached values of around .90. Principal components analysis revealed a three-factor structure, which accounts for 58% of the variance, and thus coincides with the number of factors presented in the manual of the Spanish adaptation of the test but not with their composition. Results suggest that the d2 test has adequate psychometric properties both for the global sample and for each sub-sample. 相似文献
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