Moderating Effects of Sociocultural Variables on Acculturation Attitudes of Hispanics and Asian Americans

Literature on acculturation is reviewed, and the effects of acculturation on the mental health of Hispanics and Asian Americans are discussed. In this study we attempted to understand acculturation processes at the group level (Hispanics versus Asian Americans) and at the individual level (within-group heterogeneity). The Majority-Minority Relations Survey measured acculturation attitudes of two American ethnic minority groups, Hispanics and Asian Americans, in a Midwestern university. Data were obtained from 282 participants for a 54% return rate. Instrument analysis included assessment of generalizability (using Pearson correlation coefficient procedures), LISREL confirmatory factor analysis, and tests of internal consistency reliabilities (using coefficient alpha). Significant effects for ethnicity, Asian culture subgroups, and for the sociocultural variables of generational status, voluntary immigration versus political asylum, and religion were indicated by parametric and nonparametric tests. Therefore, although differences between the Hispanics and the Asian Americans were indicated, within-group differences for both minority groups were also influenced by select sociocultural variables. Se revisa la literatura sobre aculturacion, y se discuten los efectos de aculturación en la salud mental de Hispanos y Asiático-Americanos. Este estudio intenta comprender el proceso de aculturación a nivel de grupo (Hispanos versus Asiático-Americanos) a nivel individual (dentro de la heterogeneidad del grupo). La Encuesta de Relaciones Mayoría-Minoría midió las actidudes aculturales de dos grupos de minorías étnicas americanas, Hispanos y Asiático-Americanos, en una universidad del Medio-oeste. Se obtuvieron los datos de 282 sujetos para un cifra de vuelta del 54 por cien. El instrumento de análisis incluó una estimación de generalización (usando los procedimientos del Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson), el factor confirmador de análisis LISREL, y las pruebas de fiabilidad interna (usando el coeficiente alfa). Las pruebas parametricas y no-paramétricas indicaron efectos significativos para etnicidad, subgrupos culturales asiáticos, y los variables socioculturales de estado generacional, emigración voluntaria vs. asilo político, y religión. Entonces, aunque se indicaron diferencias entre Hispanos y Asiático-Americanos, las diferencias entre grupos para ambos grupos minoritarios fueron influenciadas también por variables socioculturales escogidas.     

Zuckerkandl结节在甲状腺手术中对上甲状旁腺的定位与保护

探讨Zuckerkandl结节（ZT）在甲状腺手术中对上甲状旁腺的定位与保护作用.对我院2011年10月至2013年1月在我院行甲状腺手术患者351例进行回顾分析,结果显示,ZT在左侧叶甲状腺的发生率为89.0％（268/301）,右侧叶中的发生率为87.3％（254/291）,共计5例患者出现术后甲状旁腺功能一过性下降,未有永久性甲状旁腺功能损失患者出现.ZT为甲状腺手术中探查上甲状旁腺提供了新的途径与解剖标志,值得引起甲状腺外科医生的关注.     

大学生压力量表的编制

本文旨在介绍大学生压力量表的编制及其标准化过程。本量表的编制过程分五个步骤 ,其中包括两个分研究。被试为北京市两所高校的一至三年级大学生 ,共 50 7人。结果显示 :本大学生压力量表的内部一致性为非常满意 (Cronbachα=0 .91 ) ,6个月后的重测信度为满意 (Cronbachα =0 .78) ,结构效度可靠。     

A simple trade-off condition for additive multiattribute utility

We show that only two simple trade-off judgments are sufficient to determine whether the multiplicative multiattribute model assumes its additive form, regardless of the number of attributes in the model. This additivity condition offers a useful alternative to the test based on multiattribute lotteries commonly presented in textbooks. It can make the determination of additivity easier and more reliable. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国情境下团队伦理决策的过程机制及影响因素

尽管绝大多数商业伦理决策都是由团队而非个人所做出的,但目前对团队伦理决策的研究还很少,尤其缺乏基于理论的深入研究。在前人研究的基础上,借鉴个体伦理决策和团队决策方面的研究成果,结合中国文化强调反省、中庸、威权领导等特点,我们对团队伦理决策的过程机制及影响因素的作用模式展开理论驱动的深入研究。具体来讲,将综合利用多种方法来进行两个方面的4项子研究。在团队伦理决策的过程机制方面,拟开展团队伦理决策的过程机制模型构建研究,然后聚焦于团队伦理决策和个体伦理决策的核心区别,展开基于社会决策图式理论的团队伦理决策观点整合机制研究;在团队伦理决策的影响因素作用模式方面,拟从成员和领导两个方面来进行:基于信息加工和团队冲突的成员多样性对团队伦理决策的影响机制研究,基于信息取样模型的领导特征对团队伦理决策的影响机制研究。     

Moral Reasons: Internal and External1

The view defended is one sense externalist on the relation between moral reasons and motivation: A's having a moral reason to do X does not necessarily imply that A has a motivation that would support A's doing X via some appropriate deliberative route. However, it is in another sense externalist in holding that there are the kind of moral reasons there are only if the relevant motivational capacities are generally present in human beings, if not in all individuals. The process of socialization is an attempt to embed the recognition of what we have moral reason to do in the intentional content of one's feelings. E.g., learning that about others' suffering embeds their suffering as a reason to help in the intentional content of incipient compassionate feelings. This endows the reason with motivational efficacy while conferring further direction to the feelings in ways that shape us for social cooperation.     

2004至2013年中国大学生人格变迁的横断历史研究

已有研究发现大学生的心理健康等心理状态随社会变迁而发生变化,那么作为个体内在特质的人格是如何随年代变化呢?本研究对2004至2013年65篇采用五因素人格量表的研究进行了横断历史分析,以揭示47029名大学生人格特质的变化趋势。结果发现：（1）2004至2013年期间,大学生的人格五个因子得分与年代之间均呈现显著正相关,大学生人格特质发生了整体变化。（2）大学生的神经质、外向性、开放性和严谨性得分在10年期间均上升1个标准差以上,其d值在1.06~1.30之间,宜人性提高0.57个标准差。大学生在变得更加外向、开放、严谨和宜人的同时,情绪稳定性也更差。（3）男女大学生人格特质的变化既有共同趋势,又存在明显差异,男生的五个因子得分都显著上升,但是女生的开放性无变化,宜人性却有所下降。