排序方式: 共有14条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Y. Z. Liu X. T. Zu J. Lian L. Wang X. Q. Huang Z. G. Wang 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(11):705-712
Ti–Al–Zr alloy has been oxidized at 360°C in alkaline steam at a pressure of 10.3?±?0.7?MPa. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations indicated that the oxide scale of Ti–Al–Zr alloy was composed of outer and inner subscales, in which the outer layer consists of anatase-TiO2 and the inner layer a mixture of TiO and Ti2O. The thickness of the Ti2O, TiO and anatase-TiO2 were approximately 50, 100 and 400?nm, respectively. These results were confirmed by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) measurements. The enhanced corrosion of titanium alloys in LiOH solution is attributed to a high hexagonal Ti2O to tetragonal TiO2 phase transformation rate induced by the substitution of Li+ for Ti4+ in the oxide layer. 相似文献
2.
3.
M. Joseph Sirgy Nora P. Reilly Jiyun Wu David Efraty 《Applied research in quality of life》2008,3(3):181-202
QWL is conceptualized in terms of the interface between employee role identities and work resources. QWL programs serve to
enhance QOL by (1) providing appropriate work resources to meet the expectations of employee role identities, (2) reducing
role conflict in work and non-work life, (3) enhancing multiple role identities, (4) reducing role demands, (5) reducing stress
related to work and non-work role identities, and (6) increasing the value of the role identity. We describe a variety of
QWL programs related to work life (decentralized organization structures, teamwork, parallel structures, ethical corporate
mission and culture, the organization work schedule, etc.) and non-work life (work at home, flextime, compressed work week,
part-time work arrangements, job sharing, etc.) and show how they serve to enhance QOL using the language of work-life identity.
Doing so helps develop a research agenda based on the work-life identify model. 相似文献
4.
5.
以160名中学教师为被试,采用2×2的完全随机设计,以模拟故事(scenarios)的方法呈现刺激,研究了在职称评定中分配不公正的前提下,程序公正/不公正,互动公正/不公正对教师的退缩行为(消极怠工、拒绝帮助、离职、对校长的消极态度)的影响。结果表明,在分配不公正条件下:(1)程序公正、互动公正均影响教师的消极怠工程度;(2)程序公正、互动公正均影响教师的拒绝帮助行为程度,而且交互作用显著;(3)互动公正影响教师对上司的消极态度,程序公正无显著影响;(4)程序公正和互动公正对离职意愿影响均不显著 相似文献
6.
Mediation analysis investigates how certain variables mediate the effect of predictors on outcome variables. Existing studies of mediation models have been limited to normal theory maximum likelihood (ML) or least squares with normally distributed data. Because real data in the social and behavioral sciences are seldom normally distributed and often contain outliers, classical methods can result in biased and inefficient estimates, which lead to inaccurate or unreliable test of the meditated effect. The authors propose two approaches for better mediation analysis. One is to identify cases that strongly affect test results of mediation using local influence methods and robust methods. The other is to use robust methods for parameter estimation, and then test the mediated effect based on the robust estimates. Analytic details of both local influence and robust methods particular for mediation models were provided and one real data example was given. We first used local influence and robust methods to identify influential cases. Then, for the original data and the data with the identified influential cases removed, the mediated effect was tested using two estimation methods: normal theory ML and the robust method, crossing two tests of mediation: the Sobel (1982) test using information-based standard error (z I ) and sandwich-type standard error (z SW ). Results show that local influence and robust methods rank the influence of cases similarly, while the robust method is more objective. The widely used z I statistic is inflated when the distribution is heavy-tailed. Compared to normal theory ML, the robust method provides estimates with smaller standard errors and more reliable test. 相似文献
7.
The Pleasant Life, the Engaged Life, and the Meaningful Life: What about the Balanced Life? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martin Seligman, in his very popular book Authentic Happiness (Seligman 2002), argued that authentic happiness is derived from three major sets of experiences in life, namely experiencing pleasantness
regularly (the pleasant life), experiencing a high level of engagement in satisfying activities (the engaged life), and experiencing
a sense of connectedness to a greater whole (the meaningful life). In this paper, we maintain that balance in life contributes
significantly to subjective well-being. Balance contributes to subjective well-being because of the satisfaction limit that
people can derive from a single life domain. People have to be involved in multiple domains to satisfy the full spectrum of
human development needs. Different life domains tend to focus on different human developmental needs. More specifically, balance
contributes to subjective well-being because subjective well-being can only be attained when both survival and growth needs
are met. High levels of subjective well-being cannot be attained with satisfaction of basic needs or growth needs alone. Both
needs have to be met to induce subjective well-being. 相似文献
8.
Tsetsos, Usher, and Chater (2010) presented several criticisms of decision field theory (DFT) involving its distance function, instability under externally controlled stopping times, and lack of robustness to various multialternative choice scenarios. Here, we counter those claims with a specification of a distance function based on the indifference and dominance dimensions. Using this distance function, we show that the instability problems do not arise when using the internally controlled stopping rule. In conclusion, we argue that the predictions of DFT do not conflict with the data presented and that the model yet provides a coherent and accurate account of multialternative choice phenomena. 相似文献
9.
10.
Jiyun Elizabeth L. Shin Sheri R. Levy Bonita London 《Journal of applied social psychology》2016,46(7):410-427
Studies examining factors (e.g., STEM stereotypes) that underlie the recruitment and retention of STEM students are critical as the demand for STEM professionals is rapidly increasing. This experimental study tested the effects of role model biographies that challenge common STEM stereotypes (i.e., STEM is for gifted individuals and for European American males) on 1035 STEM and non‐STEM undergraduate students. Findings showed that role model exposure had positive effects on both STEM and non‐STEM students’ interest in STEM as well as their perceived identity compatibility between the self and STEM. Role model exposure had a positive impact on academic sense of belonging among STEM and non‐STEM students, and a positive impact on academic self‐efficacy among STEM students, but not non‐STEM students. 相似文献