研究知觉早期过程的IC实验

用特征结合错误率为测量指标研究早期知觉过程的实验称为ＩＣ实验,它是研究早期知觉过程的有效工具。通过它可以研究：（１）视觉特征整合中的组装问题：注意的“聚光灯”怎样将特征整合起来？（２）知觉基本单元问题：视觉系统如何首先编码基本特征？（３）知识的表征问题：在人类认知的最初阶段是如何编码、表征信息的？（４）记忆现象：是否存在真正的感觉记忆？（５）大脑半球功能优势效应：在早期加工阶段的特征抽取是否存在优势化？（６）字词识别过程。     

Two different dysgraphic syndromes in a regular orthography, spanish

In opaque orthographies, such as English and French, three central dysgraphic syndromes have been described: surface dysgraphia, phonological dysgraphia, and deep dysgraphia. Writing breakdown patterns reveal that spelling can proceed by phoneme-to-grapheme conversion, or by a more direct or lexical approach. Ardila et al. (1989, 1991) claim that for Spanish speakers a lexical strategy for reading and writing is not an option due to the regularity of the orthography of this language. In this study we report two clear cases of dysgraphia in Spanish, one of surface dysgraphia and another of phonological dysgraphia, where a dissociation between lexical and sublexical writing can be observed, thus contradicting Ardila's position.