Psychotherapie und Internet

Zusammenfassung  Die Außendarstellung im Internet ist wichtig und in der Zukunft unverzichtbar. Jedoch hat die Liberalisierung des Werberechts der freien Berufe keineswegs zur absoluten Schrankenlosigkeit geführt. Vielmehr sind die zu beachtenden Regeln auf verschiedene Gesetze und Rechtsgebiete verstreut, so dass ohne fachkundige Hilfe—etwa durch die Kammern oder durch juristische Beratung—die Selbstdarstellung im Internet schnell zu einem bösen Erwachen führen kann.

Victimization and PTSD in a Faroese youth total-population sample

Petersen, T., Elklit, A. & Olesen, J. G. (2010). Victimization and PTSD in a Faroese youth total-population sample. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 51, 56–62.
The prevalence of twenty traumatic events and negative life events in relation to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was studied in a Faroese total-population sample of 687 eighth-grade students with a mean age of 14.2 years. Ninety-four percent of the females and 89% of the males were directly exposed to or had witnessed at least one traumatic event or a negative life event. The odds ratios for PTSD after direct and indirect exposure to specific events are described. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD was 20%, whereas another 14% reached a subclinical level of PTSD. After exposure, females had PTSD more than twice as often as males. Being exposed to multiple traumatic events, living with a single parent, and having experienced a traumatic event or a negative life event within the last year were all associated with PTSD and its subscales.     

Relating computer-associated stress to computerphobia

The associations of computer-related stress, somatic complaints, and computerphobia were studied by administering questionnaires covering demographic data, exposure to computer information, computer-related stress, as measured by the Computer Technology Hassles Scale, somatic complaint items of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and Rosen, Sears, and Weil's measures of computerphobia: Computer Anxiety Rating Scale, Attitudes Toward Computers Scale, and Computer Thoughts Scale to 109 students. Correlations indicated scores on the Computer Technology Hassles Scale were significantly correlated .35 with somatic complaints, .27 with years used a computer, and .28 with self-rated computer knowledge. The Computer Technology Hassles Scale was not significantly correlated (.18, -.08, and -.05) with the three measures of computerphobia. Computer-related stress appears to be distinct from computerphobia.     

Psychology of computer use: XXIII. Validating a measure of computer-related stress

Prediction of the final grade in a computer course using the Computer Technology Hassles Scale, a measure of computer-related stress, was investigated. A sample of 154 university students enrolled in computer courses completed questionnaires covering demographic data, information on computer use, the Computer Technology Hassles Scale, and somatic complaint items of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. Pearson correlations indicated scores on the Computer Technology Hassles Scale were significantly associated .27 with somatic complaints, -.24 with computer-course grades, and -.18 with self-rated computer knowledge. Regression analysis indicated that self-rated computer knowledge and scores on the Computer Technology Hassles Scale significantly predicted computer-course grade.     

Self-monitoring and sex as moderator variables in the statistical explanation of self-reported marijuana and alcohol use

Self-monitoring and sex are examined as likely moderators of some of the known effective predictors of self-reported use of marijuana and alcohol. The theory of self-monitoring implies that in comparisons between low and high self-monitors, dispositional predictors account for more of the variance in reported use among low self-monitors and environmental predictors account for more of the variance among high self-monitors. With the two classes of predictors established via principal-components analysis and with subgroups defined by scores on Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale, data from 807 college students showed that self-monitoring does not affect the action of either dispositional or environmental predictors. Thus, the self-monitoring construct promises explanatory leverage that in these tests, the scale is not able to deliver. When subgroups are defined by sex, analyses of reported alcohol use yield small but significant moderator effects: Women's use is more predictable from environmental variables, whereas men's use is more predictable from dispositional variables. These effects are consistent with the conclusions of recent meta-analyses of results from studies of sex differences in conformity to group pressures.     

Preliminary investigation of computer stress and the big five personality factors

This study investigated correlates of personality factors, measured with the Big Five Inventory, with computer users' stress, measured with the Computer Hassles Scale. Based on an analysis of the responses of 95 college students using computers, there was a significant correlation between the computer users' stress and Openness, one of the Big Five personality factors. There was a significant correlation between the Computer Hassles Scale and the somatic complaints and anxiety reactions, typical responses to stress. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that Neuroticism and Extraversion had a "buffering effect" between computer stressors and typical stress responses. The significant correlation between scores on the Computer Hassles Scale and on Openness was a surprising finding and suggested that additional research was needed to clarify the nature of this relationship.