镇静与镇痛在ICU机械通气患者中的应用变化

探讨ICU内机械通气患者应用镇痛剂、镇静剂及肌松剂的情况及其对机械通气和预后的影响。回顾性分析我院中心ICU2006年、2007年收治的244例行有创机械通气治疗超过48h患者的临床资料,并将患者分为2006年组和2007年纽,用统计软件分析患者在年龄、性别、入ICU时APACHEⅡ评分、血糖、血浆白蛋白、基础疾病,气管插管时间、机械通气时间、ICU住院天数、镇痛与镇静剂应用的时间、机械通气时是否使用肌松剂、Ramsay评分及病死率方面是否存在差别。统计分析显示2006年组和2007年组在年龄、性剐、入ICU时APACHEⅡ评分、血糖、血浆白蛋白、是否使用肌松剂及基础疾病方面无差别;与2006年组相比2007年组患者气管插管时间、机械通气时间及ICU住院天数均缩短,镇痛与镇静剂应用时间均缩短,Ramsay评分降低,病死率下降。提示对机械通气的危重症患者应合理使用镇痛剂与镇静剂。     

Reduction of work-family conflict through the use of selection, optimization, and compensation behaviors

Prior research has examined both the antecedents to and outcomes of work-family conflict. However, little is known about the existence and efficacy of behavioral strategies that may be used by individuals to reduce the amount of stressors experienced both on the job and at home, which result in work-family conflict. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) behaviors in relation to both job and family stressors and work-in-family (WIF) conflict and family-in-work (FIW) conflict. Results suggest that the use of general SOC behaviors in both the work and family domains are related to lower amounts of job and family stressors and subsequently lower amounts of WIF conflict and FIW conflict. In general, these results held true even when additional variables (e.g., hours worked, gender, job involvement, family involvement, social support, and supervisor support) were controlled. Implications of these results are discussed.     

王岱舆的“天命有三品”论与儒家的天命观

王岱舆作为明末清初四教（儒、释、道、回）皆通的伊斯兰著名学者,他提出的“天命有三品”论,既适应了当时以儒家为主流文化的背景,也保持了其独特的伊斯兰性,在巧妙地处理与儒家天命观分歧的同时,又开放地拿儒家文化为己所用,从而为两种文明都赢得了宽松的环境,使得两种文明能够共存、共荣、共同发展。本文从王岱舆天命观与儒家天命观的介绍入手,分析其与儒家天命观的契合与分歧。