排序方式: 共有18条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Valerie Gray Hardcastle 《Synthese》1991,86(2):209-228
I wish to thank Elisabeth Lloyd, Samuel Mitchell, Greg Ray, Piers Rollins and two anonymous readers for their insightful criticisms and comments. 相似文献
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逻辑经验主义对实验心理学的关注并非只是由于其结果的作用或其态度上的相似性,而且由于(或许是更为重要的)对澄清其概念的共同需要。逻辑经验主义对物理概念的分析是一种哲学成就的范式,而他们在心理学中同样的分析工作也被看做是规范科学的疑难解决方案。在这种范式的背后隐藏着统一科学的哲学理想。围绕经验问题,逻辑经验主义与心理学之间在20世纪30年代出现了大量互动;正是根据这个问题,以及在逻辑经验主义对统一科学的强调的关联中,我们才能很好地理解逻辑经验主义的心理学哲学及其对心理学的影响。以卡尔纳普、费格尔和托曼为最初代表,他们提出完全不同的处理方式,把心理学看做经验科学,就可以得到其他科学同样具有的主体间性,因此,这就使得逻辑经验主义获得了它希望得到的地位。 相似文献
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V G Hardcastle 《Consciousness and cognition》2001,10(3):418-20; discussion 421-4
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Noelle R. Leonard Marya V. Gwadz Gricel N. Arredondo Marion Riedel Lauren Rotko Emily J. Hardcastle Jodi C. Potere 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(4):531-544
The abuse of alcohol and other substances by mothers raising adolescent children has serious adverse effects on family functioning
and youth outcomes, and on mothers’ own health and adaptation. Mothers who are also HIV-infected face additional challenges.
In the present report, we describe a multi-session intervention conducted in individual sessions for mothers with alcohol
and other substance use problems who are raising adolescent children. We outline the primary components of the intervention
and include case studies and examples of exercises and tools. We found that engagement with the intervention and high rates
of attendance were facilitated by tapping into mothers’ desires to improve their relationships with their adolescent children,
the use of a harm reduction approach toward substance use, and intensive outreach. We also discuss lessons learned in the
course of implementing and evaluating the intervention. 相似文献
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Kelly H. Watson Jennifer Potts Emily Hardcastle Rex Forehand Bruce E. Compas 《Journal of child and family studies》2012,21(4):657-666
The purpose of the present study was to examine the independent and joint effects of child gender and informant (mother-report vs. child self-report) on children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms in an at-risk sample of children of mothers with a history of depression. Data were obtained from mothers with a history of major depressive disorder (N?=?149) and their 9- to 15-year-old children (74 males, 75 females) to assess children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Little evidence was found that maternal depression amplified the typical gender differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and behavioral problems. Partial support was found for the hypothesis that maternal depression may equalize the rates of symptoms in boys and girls. There was also some evidence that maternal depression may reverse typical patterns of gender differences in depressive symptoms; i.e., using normative T scores to account for expected rates of problems, boys reported more symptoms than girls. Mothers and children reported significantly different levels of problems depending on child gender. Future research should investigate the processes of risk that may lead to changes in the normative patterns of gender differences in the context of maternal depression. 相似文献
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Forehand R Thigpen JC Parent J Hardcastle EJ Bettis A Compas BE 《Journal of family psychology》2012,26(4):532-541
This study examined the role of parent depressive symptoms as a mediator of change in behaviorally observed positive and negative parenting in a preventive intervention program. The purpose of the program was to prevent child problem behaviors in families with a parent who has current or a history of major depressive disorder. One hundred eighty parents and one of their 9- to 15-year-old children served as participants and were randomly assigned to a family group cognitive-behavioral (FGCB) intervention or a written information (WI) comparison condition. At two months after baseline, parents in the FGCB condition had fewer depressive symptoms than those in the WI condition, and these symptoms served as a mediator for changes in negative, but not positive, parenting at 6 months after baseline. The findings indicate that parent depressive symptoms are important to consider in family interventions with a parent who has current or a history of depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
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Sonya K. Sterba Kristopher J. Preacher Rex Forehand Emily J. Hardcastle David A. Cole Bruce E. Compas 《Multivariate behavioral research》2013,48(2):93-118
Study designs involving clustering in some study arms, but not all study arms, are common in clinical treatment-outcome and educational settings. For instance, in a treatment arm, persons may be nested in therapy groups, whereas in a control arm there are no groups. Methodological approaches for handling such partially nested designs have recently been developed in a multilevel modeling framework (MLM-PN) and have proved very useful. We introduce two alternative structural equation modeling (SEM) approaches for analyzing partially nested data: a multivariate single-level SEM (SSEM-PN) and a multiple-arm multilevel SEM (MSEM-PN). We show how SSEM-PN and MSEM-PN can produce results equivalent to existing MLM-PNs and can be extended to flexibly accommodate several modeling features that are difficult or impossible to handle in MLM-PNs. For instance, using an SSEM-PN or MSEM-PN, it is possible to specify complex structural models involving cluster-level outcomes, obtain absolute model fit, decompose person-level predictor effects in the treatment arm using latent cluster means, and include traditional factors as predictors/outcomes. Importantly, implementation of such features for partially nested designs differs from that for fully nested designs. An empirical example involving a partially nested depression intervention combines several of these features in an analysis of interest for treatment-outcome studies. 相似文献
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Chloe Maxwell-Smith Paul A. Cohen Cameron Platell Patrick Tan Michael Levitt Paul Salama Gregory B. Makin Jason Tan Stuart Salfinger Ganendra Raj Kader Ali Mohan Robert T. Kane Dana Hince Ruth Jiménez-Castuera Sarah J. Hardcastle 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2018,18(2):124-132
Background/Objective: Colorectal and gynecologic cancer survivors are at cardiovascular risk due to comorbidities and sedentary behaviour, warranting a feasible intervention to increase physical activity. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a promising theoretical framework for health behaviour change, and wearable physical activity trackers offer a novel means of self-monitoring physical activity for cancer survivors. Method: Sixty-eight survivors of colorectal and gynecologic cancer will be randomised into 12-week intervention and control groups. Intervention group participants will receive: a Fitbit Alta? to monitor physical activity, HAPA-based group sessions, booklet, and support phone-call. Participants in the control group will only receive the HAPA-based booklet. Physical activity (using accelerometers), blood pressure, BMI, and HAPA constructs will be assessed at baseline, 12-weeks (post-intervention) and 24-weeks (follow-up). Data analysis will use the Group x Time interaction from a General Linear Mixed Model analysis. Conclusions: Physical activity interventions that are acceptable and have robust theoretical underpinnings show promise for improving the health of cancer survivors. 相似文献