Use of Lay Home Visitors: A Primary Prevention Strategy for Families with a Newborn

This article describes a primary prevention program designed to reach every family with a newborn in a specified geographic area, providing support and linking families with community resources.     

UNPACKING ESSENTIALISMS IN THERAPY: LESSONS FOR FEMINIST APPROACHES FROM NARRATIVE WORK

The narrative approach to therapy founded by Michael White and David Epston offers important contributions to feminist constructionist therapies. Feminist and narrative ideas in the therapy world often challenge essentialist, or naturalized, understandings of gender. However, both forms of therapy, at times, retain essentialist elements which often prove to be problematic. This article shows how certain readings of--and new directions in--narrative therapy allow for an effective approach to lingering essentialisms in constructionist therapies, both feminist and narrative. At the same time, and in keeping with the goals of feminist therapy, narrative practitioners do not fall into an anarchical or radically relativistic perspective on the self or social life. The conclusion suggests that narrative ideas about unpacking essentialisms provide insights for constructionist theories of identity, culture, and power that apply to a number of different disciplines.     

Helper plus trainer: a two-phase program for the counselor

Helping is what it's all about. But if we recognize that one way to help is to train someone else to do a part of what we can do, we can assist that many more people with our limited resources. Thus, to be professionally adequate through all dimensions of the Cube requires the capacity to “train” as well as to “help.” Delworth and Moore have had extensive experience in both modes and have trained literally hundreds of paraprofessionals on a wide range of tasks. Their expertness shows through particularly in their recognition that training is not complete until the trainee has mastered the barrier of systems entry. Too many well-meaning and adequately skilled counselors have had their noses flattened because they did not have the “key” to the system. Too many well-meaning and adequately skilled counselors have remained in their offices because they lacked the ability to “multiply” their efforts through others. Here is a schematic to facilitate change in both kinds of counselors.     

Sociocultural Influences on Body Image Among Adolescent Boys From Fiji,Tonga, and Australia

The current study examined the factors related to body‐image concerns among adolescent boys in Fiji and Tonga. This qualitative study determined the impact of messages from family, peers, and the media on body image among 24 adolescent boys from the following cultural groups: Indo‐Fijian, Indigenous Fijian, Tongan, and Australian boys of European heritage. Boys from Fiji and Tonga had a high focus on their bodies. Fijian and Tongan boys also demonstrated high levels of body dissatisfaction and wanted to be bigger. Tongan and Indigenous Fijian boys evidenced high levels of sociocultural pressures. Indo‐Fijian and Australian boys received few messages about their bodies. Boys from Fiji and Tonga appear to have strong pressures to achieve a large, muscular body.     

Parent Problem Checklist: Tool for assessing parent conflict

This study explored the psychometric properties of the Parent Problem Checklist (PPC), a measure of parental conflict over child‐rearing issues. Participants were a clinical sample of 391 parents of children aged 0–18 years presenting at a university paediatric psychology clinic for intervention in relation to their child's behavioural or emotional problems. Exploratory factor analysis was done on the PPC Extent scale. It provided support for a revised three‐factor model including dimensions of consistency in discipline, child care, and family processes. Modifications that could enhance the measures are discussed. The present results have implications for examining different aspects of parent conflict, and the assessment of parenting conflict in clinical practice. The PPC provides a valid and reliable means of assessing interparent conflict about child behaviour and parenting. Directions for further research are highlighted.     

Counseling Caregivers of Relatives with Schizophrenia: Themes,Interventions, and Caveats

As part of a controlled study of the effectiveness of a counseling program for family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, we conducted a comprehensive examination of the process. The particular foci were on themes that arose during sessions, principal therapeutic interventions offered, and caveats for counselors working in the field. The most striking finding was the diverse range of themes, covering personal, coping, family, and social aspects of the caregiving experience. This required a correspondingly broad array of interventions. The implications are clear: confining counseling for caregivers to such traditional dimensions as education or attempts to reduce emotional expressiveness denies them the opportunity to deal with other equally relevant concerns.