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1.
Long KA Thomas SB Grubs RE Gettig EA Krishnamurti L 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):572-592
Research among African-Americans indicates this population perceives sickle cell (SCD) to be a serious disease and sickle
cell trait (SCT) screening an important intervention. However, studies have consistently demonstrated a lower than desired
uptake of SCD education, inadequate knowledge regarding personal and family trait status, and a low perceived susceptibility
of giving birth to a child with the disease. We examined general attitudes and beliefs regarding genetics and genetic testing
including prenatal testing and newborn screening; we used this information as the foundation to more specifically assess attitudes
and beliefs regarding SCD and perceived barriers to SCD education and awareness. Thirty-five African-American adult men and
women participated in one of four focus groups. Thematic analysis identified that both prenatal testing and newborn screening
are acceptable forms of genetic testing. Based largely on their personal experiences, participants possessed an understanding
of the natural progression of SCD but had a limited understanding of the inheritance and probable risk of giving birth to
a child with the disease. Barriers to education and greater awareness of SCD were classified as personal, familial, and societal.
Community based interventions focused on sharing the stories of individuals with first-hand experiences with SCD should be
considered. 相似文献
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Peay HL Veach PM Palmer CG Rosen-Sheidley B Gettig E Austin JC 《Journal of genetic counseling》2008,17(1):6-17
This is the first article of a two-part professional development series addressing genetic counseling for personal and family
histories of psychiatric disorders. It is based on an Educational Breakout Session presented by the Psychiatric Special Interest
Group of the National Society of Genetic Counselors at the 2006 Annual Education Conference. This article examines issues
that arise in addressing family histories of psychiatric illness, while the second article in the series considers the generation
and provision of individualized recurrence risks for psychiatric disorders. In this article we discuss the importance of managing
uncertainty for affected individuals and their close family members who have been referred to genetics for a number of different
indications. We then use four simulated cases to make recommendations about the scope and timing of discussions related to
the psychiatric family history. 相似文献
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How well do people recall risk factor test results? Accuracy and bias among cholesterol screening participants. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Robert T Croyle Elizabeth F Loftus Steven D Barger Yi-Chun Sun Marybeth Hart JoAnn Gettig 《Health psychology》2006,25(3):425-432
The authors conducted a community-based cholesterol screening study to examine accuracy of recall for self-relevant health information in long-term autobiographical memory. Adult community residents (N = 496) were recruited to participate in a laboratory-based cholesterol screening and were also provided cholesterol counseling in accordance with national guidelines. Participants were subsequently interviewed 1, 3, or 6 months later to assess their memory for their test results. Participants recalled their exact cholesterol levels inaccurately (38.0% correct) but their cardiovascular risk category comparatively well (88.7% correct). Recall errors showed a systematic bias: Individuals who received the most undesirable test results were most likely to remember their cholesterol scores and cardiovascular risk categories as lower (i.e., healthier) than those actually received. Recall bias was unrelated to age, education, knowledge, self-rated health status, and self-reported efforts to reduce cholesterol. The findings provide evidence that recall of self-relevant health information is susceptible to self-enhancement bias. 相似文献
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Murthy VS Garza MA Almario DA Vogel KJ Grubs RE Gettig EA Wilson JW Thomas SB 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):639-649
Few studies examine the use of family history to influence risk perceptions in the African American population. This study
examined the influence of a family health history (FHH) intervention on risk perceptions for breast (BRCA), colon (CRC), and
prostate cancers (PRCA) among African Americans in Pittsburgh, PA. Participants (n = 665) completed pre- and post-surveys and FHHs. We compared their objective and perceived risks, classified as average,
moderate, or high, and examined the accuracy of risk perceptions before and after the FHH intervention. The majority of participants
had accurate risk perceptions post-FHH. Of those participants who were inaccurate pre-FHH, 43.3%, 43.8%, and 34.5% for BRCA,
CRC, and PRCA, respectively, adopted accurate risk perceptions post-FHH intervention. The intervention was successful in a
community setting. It has the potential to lead to healthy behavior modifications because participants adopted accurate risk
perceptions. We identified a substantial number of at-risk individuals who could benefit from targeted prevention strategies,
thus decreasing racial/ethnic cancer disparities. 相似文献
6.
Austin JC Palmer CG Rosen-Sheidley B Veach PM Gettig E Peay HL 《Journal of genetic counseling》2008,17(1):18-29
This is the second article of a two-part professional development series on genetic counseling for personal and family histories of psychiatric disorders. It is based on an Educational Breakout Session presented by The Psychiatric Special Interest Group of the National Society of Genetic Counselors at the 2006 Annual Education Conference. While the first article in this two part series dealt with addressing family histories of psychiatric disorders in clinical practice, the following discussion deals with the generation and provision of individualized recurrence risks for psychiatric disorders, based on empiric risk data. We present four cases that illustrate important components of and process for generating individualized risk assessment for family histories of psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
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The present experiments were conducted to develop a more sensitive and reliable model of stress-induced behavioral pathology in the mouse. Male mice were housed singly in nest cages connected to either a circular tunnel, a recreational cage or a large box with food foraging apparatus. Spontaneous nocturnal out of nest activity or food foraging behavior in these environments was continuously monitored for a two week period during which time the effects of stress were examined. It was found that both repeated restraint and aggression stress markedly and persistently reduced out of nest nocturnal activity or food foraging behavior in all 3 environments but did not alter activity in a novel open field or plus maze or food or saccharin intake in the nest cage. In a preliminary experiment the reduction in out of nest activity by stress was attenuated by prior chronic treatment with the antidepressant, desmethylimipramine. Plasma corticosterone was elevated immediately after aggression stress but reduced 5 hr after chronic aggression stress. The reduction in activity did not appear the result of increased anxiety as measured by spontaneous risk assessment behavior in the nest. It is concluded that the decrease in out of nest activity after stress in the present studies models a withdrawn behavioral state and may be due to either or both a decrease in appetitive motivation to leave the nest or an increased aversion to the external environment which does not apparently involve anxiety. 相似文献
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