排序方式: 共有17条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Espeseth T Greenwood PM Reinvang I Fjell AM Walhovd KB Westlye LT Wehling E Lundervold A Rootwelt H Parasuraman R 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2006,6(1):31-43
In the present study, we investigated age-related changes in interactions between efficiency of neuronal repair mechanisms
and efficiency of cholinergic neurotransmission in the context of attentional orienting. In addition, we explored white matter
volume changes as possible neuronal underpinnings. A sample of 230 healthy middle-aged (53–64 years) and older (65–75 years)
adults was genotyped for polymorphisms of APOE and CHRNA4, a nicotinic receptor subunit gene. Participants were administered
a visuospatial attention task involving letter discrimination with location cues of varying validity. Genotype effects on
white matter volume were also investigated in a subset of participants who received MRI scans. APOE interacted with CHRNA4,
such that APOE-ε4 carriers who were also CHRNA4 TT homozygotes showed disproportionately slowed reaction time (RT) following
invalid location cues. The interaction was stronger in the middle-aged participants than in the older participants. There
was also a trend for individuals with combined APOE-ε4/CHRNA4 TT genotypes to show both lower white matter volume and slower
overall RT on the attention task. The interaction of a neurotransmission gene (CHRNA4) and a susceptibility gene (APOE) suggests
that the efficiency of neuronal repair mechanisms may modulate the cholinergic system to influence attentional function. 相似文献
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Geraldine Cassens Clifford Shaw Kathryn Eike Dudding A. William Mills 《Behavior research methods》1975,7(2):145-150
This program and interface for a small computer (PDP8/e) performs the following operations: generates and delivers constant current stimulation to the brain of an animal, monitors electrical resistance at the stimulating electrode, and calculates the threshold of reinforcement based upon the frequency of characteristic pauses in the animal’s responding. 相似文献
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Eike Von Savigny 《Philosophical Studies》1981,40(2):259-267
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Børge Sivertsen Mari Hysing Eike Wehling Ståle Pallesen Inger Hilde Nordhus Thomas Espeseth 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2013,20(1):34-48
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine daytime performance in older adults fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for DSM-IV Insomnia, using a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests, and to compare these objective findings with measures of self-reported cognitive functioning. A total of 121 participants (69% women) with a mean age of 64.0 were part of a thorough neuropsychological examination at a University-based neuropsychological clinic in Western Norway. Twenty-five percent of the participants fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for insomnia. In sum, the insomnia patients were not different from the good sleepers on any neuropsychological test measure, and none of the results on the performance measures were associated with the sleep-related daytime complaints. However, the insomniacs did rate their subjective memory performance as significantly worse than the good sleepers, and they also reported more depressive symptoms. We conclude that DSM-IV defined insomnia was not associated with any performance based measure; only with self-reported symptoms. 相似文献
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SWIFT: a dynamical model of saccade generation during reading 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mathematical models have become an important tool for understanding the control of eye movements during reading. Main goals of the development of the SWIFT model (R. Engbert, A. Longtin, & R. Kliegl, 2002) were to investigate the possibility of spatially distributed processing and to implement a general mechanism for all types of eye movements observed in reading experiments. The authors present an advanced version of SWIFT that integrates properties of the oculomotor system and effects of word recognition to explain many of the experimental phenomena faced in reading research. They propose new procedures for the estimation of model parameters and for the test of the model's performance. They also present a mathematical analysis of the dynamics of the SWIFT model. Finally, within this framework, they present an analysis of the transition from parallel to serial processing. 相似文献
7.
Eike Hinze 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2015,96(3):755-771
Can one define the aims of psychoanalytic training that most analysts would agree upon? For more than a decade the EPF Working Party ‘End of Training Evaluation Project (ETEP)’ has worked on this issue. Summarizing results of this work the author describes a set of basic elements every developing analyst should have learned or internalized during his training. His assertion is that most analysts notwithstanding their theoretical orientation could agree upon these necessary requirements for a successful ending of psychoanalytic training. These elements are demonstrated in the ability to understand the emotional demand of a patient in every session and the often ensuing emotional storm, to appreciate and deeply understand the value of free association, to preserve a neutral stance, to think in terms of transference and countertransference, and to think conceptually about what is happening and what one is doing in the session. 相似文献
8.
Andersson M Reinvang I Wehling E Hugdahl K Lundervold AJ 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2008,49(4):299-304
The influence of age on attentional control of bottom-up processing was investigated with a dichotic-listening paradigm. The typical right-ear-advantage (REA) without specific attentional instructions was used as a measure of bottom-up processing (non-forced condition). Top-down attentional control was evaluated by instructing subjects to report only the right or left ear stimulus of the dichotic pair (forced-right, forced-left conditions). Both young and old participants showed a REA in the non-forced condition and an increased REA in the forced-right condition. The old group failed, however, to use attention to modulate the REA to the same degree as the younger participants in the forced-left condition. Only the young group showed a significant left ear advantage (LEA). The results are discussed in relation to cognitive decline in normal aging and in early stages of dementia. 相似文献
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