排序方式: 共有7条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
Dawson MR Bloomfield LL Charrier I Sturdy CB 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》2006,120(2):147-153
Both black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) produce a chick-a-dee call that consists of several distinct note types. In some regions, these 2 species live sympatrically, and it has been shown that 1 species will respond weakly to songs of the other. This suggests that chickadee song, and potentially other of their vocalizations, contains species-specific information. We tested the possibility that call notes were acoustically sufficient for species identification. Black-capped and mountain non-D notes were summarized as a set of 9 features and then analyzed by linear discriminant analysis. Linear discriminant analysis was able to use these notes to identify species with 100% accuracy. We repeated this approach, but with black-capped and mountain D notes that were summarized as a set of 4 features. Linear discriminant analysis was able to use these notes to identify species with 94% accuracy. This demonstrates that any of the note types in these chickadee calls possesses sufficient information for species classification. 相似文献
2.
Charrier I Lee TT Bloomfield LL Sturdy CB 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》2005,119(4):371-380
Acoustic communication in black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) has been studied intensively, the "chick-a-dee" call being among the most well described. This call consists of 4 note types; chickadees perceive these notes as open-ended categories and do so in a continuous manner, with As more similar to Bs and Bs more similar to Cs. Acoustic features contributing to the note-type differentiation are unknown. Recent analyses suggested that certain acoustic features may play a role in note-type classification. Here, the authors tested black-capped chickadees in an operant-conditioning paradigm to determine which features were controlling note-type perception. The results suggest that the note pitch and the frequency modulation in the initial portion of the note control the perception of note types. 相似文献
3.
Lee TT Charrier I Bloomfield LL Weisman RG Sturdy CB 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》2006,120(3):217-228
The acoustic frequency ranges in birdsongs provide important absolute pitch cues for the recognition of conspecifics. Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus), mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli), and zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) were trained to sort tones contiguous in frequency into 8 ranges on the basis of associations between response to the tones in each range and reward. All 3 species acquired accurate frequency-range discriminations, but zebra finches acquired the discrimination in fewer trials and to a higher standard than black-capped or mountain chickadees, which did not differ appreciably in the discrimination. Chickadees' relatively poorer accuracy was traced to poorer discrimination of tones in the higher frequency ranges. During transfer tests, the discrimination generalized to novel tones when the training tones were included, but not when they were omitted. 相似文献
4.
In all colonial pinnipeds studied, mother–young vocal recognition exists and allows rapid and reliable meetings in spite of
the confusing environment of the breeding colony. The efficiency of this recognition process guarantees pup survival, especially
in species where females alternate foraging sea trips and lactation periods on land. The Atlantic Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is a highly gregarious pinniped with females attending their calves for an extended period of time (2–3 years). Although
we expect mother–calf vocal recognition to occur in this species due to the high density of individuals packed in herds, it
has never been experimentally demonstrated. Here, we assessed the individual stereotypy of both mother and calf barks recorded
in the wild by measuring frequency and temporal acoustic parameters. Both discriminant function and artificial neural network
analyses resulted in high correct classification rates, underlying a well-defined individual stereotypy in parameters related
to frequency modulation and frequency values. Playback experiments showed that mothers were more responsive to the barks of
their own calf than to those of unrelated young. Finally, propagation experiments revealed that barks propagate at greater
distances over water surface than over ice, acoustic features such as frequency modulation and frequency spectrum being highly
resistant to degradation during propagation. Thus, acoustic analysis and propagation experiments suggest that these frequency
parameters might be the key acoustic features involved in the individual identification process. This experimental study clearly
demonstrates that Atlantic walrus has developed a highly reliable mother–calf vocal communication allowing such strong social
bond. 相似文献
5.
The ability to recognize other individuals plays an important role in mediating social interactions. As longitudinal studies
are challenging, there is only limited evidence of long-term memory of individuals and concepts in mammals. We examined the
ability of six wild Australian sea lions to discriminate between the voice of their mother and another adult female, both
while they were dependent on their mother and when they were independent, 2 years after weaning. Here, we show that even after
a long period of independence, juveniles retain the ability to identify their mother’s voice. Both when dependent and independent,
animals showed stronger responses to maternal calls than to the calls of another female. This demonstration of recognition
provides rare evidence of the long-term memory capabilities of wild mammals. 相似文献
6.
Vocal characteristics can vary among and within populations. In species with geographic variation in the structure of vocalizations, individuals may have the ability to discriminate between calls from local and non-local individuals. The ability to distinguish differences in acoustic signals is likely to have a significant influence on the outcome of social interactions between individuals, including potentially mate selection and breeding success. Pinnipeds (seals, fur seals, sea lions and walruses) are highly vocal yet the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) is the only eared seal known to show geographic vocal variation in male barks. Barks are produced in many social interactions and encode sufficient information for both individual and colony identity to be discriminable. Yet until now, whether males could themselves discriminate these bark differences was unclear. We performed playback experiments in four breeding colonies to investigate whether males can discriminate local from non-local barks. Overall, males responded more strongly to barks from their own colony compared to barks from other colonies regardless of whether those other colonies were close or distant. Competition for females is high in Australian sea lions, but mating periods are asynchronous across colonies. The ability to correctly assess whether a male is from the same colony, thus representing a potential competitor for mates, or merely a visitor from elsewhere, may influence how males interact with others. Given the high cost of fighting, the ability to discern competitors may influence the nature of male–male interactions and ultimately influence how they allocate reproductive effort. 相似文献
7.
Martin Mathilde Gridley Tess Fourie Dorothy Elwen Simon Harvey Charrier Isabelle 《Animal cognition》2022,25(6):1461-1472
Animal Cognition - The Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) is one of the most colonial mammal species in the world. Females exclusively nurse their pups for 9 to 11 months,... 相似文献
1