The uniqueness and significance of simple structure demonstrated by contrasting organic “natural structure” and “random structure” data

The study compares the extent to which naturally structured data and artificial, relatively random data (both with the same basic parameters) produce simple structure factors which are uniquely determined. Two examples of unstructured matrices were compared with the ball problem matrix. The results show that an oblique position of maximum hyperplane count in the structured data differs from that in the unstructured by reaching a significantly more unique position in terms of the exactitude with which it is re-discoverable when starting from different positions, and by reaching (at the maximum) a significantly higher hyperplane count.     

La naturaleza y medida de la ansiedad

RESUMEN

En este artículo se presenta una caracterización general de la naturaleza y medida de la ansiedad, a través de un enfoque factorial. Gracias a éste se consigue separar la ansiedad de dos cosas con las que se confunde constantemente: La reacción a la tensión y la inadaptación de la personalidad neurótica. Las medidas más precisas de la ansiedad que ahora son posibles aclaran también la relación entre la ansiedad y un factor tal como la inteligencia, y deben ayudar a contestar muchas preguntas similares sobre la relación entre la ansiedad y varias situaciones y actuaciones.     

A check on hypothetical personality structures and their theoretical interpretation at 14-16 years in T-data.

Basing hypotheses on interpretations of 12 personality factors most replicated in 10 past researches with children, this experiment sets up about eight subtests as specific markers for each. Ninety-five tests, taking eight hours in all, were administered to 394 14-16-year olds. A majority of the personality pattern hypotheses were sustained factor analytically by evidence on number of factors, significance of unique simple structure reached, and goodness of identifying match (chi-square test). Concept validities can be obtained for some six of the factors rivalling those for intelligence tests. A brief discussion is given of the bearing of the present results upon theoretical explanations of the given source traits, including extraversion, and it is pointed out that the psychological meaning of most, for personality research, is as important, in variance terms, as for the one or two, such as anxiety and extraversion, which have tended to monopolize discussion.