The Use of Syllogism in Rational-Emotive Therapy

The author indicates how the use of syllogistic logic in rational-emotive therapy can help therapists expose clients' irrational beliefs.     

Through the Looking Glass: The Experiences of Two Family Therapy Trainees with Live Supervision

A thorough investigation of the literature pertaining to therapy supervision reveals that supervision has never been examined from the viewpoint of the trainee. This paper examines live supervision of family therapy from that viewpoint. It suggests that live supervision is a powerful and effective tool—a tool that engenders strong emotional responses.     

THE RIGORS OF TRAINING EVALUATION: A DISCUSSION AND FIELD DEMONSTRATION1

Training evaluation is one of the most under-researched and neglected areas of industrial/organizational psychology. This article discusses the need for, and feasibility of, utilizing extended-control-group pretest designs in evaluation research; and reports a field application of such a design (the Solomon 4-Group) in an organizational training context. The effectiveness of a basic electricity training program for telephone installer-repairmen was measured, and the potential contaminating effects of pretesting were monitored. The results indicated that the training was potentially effective, but that pretest contaminations were present. To identify the pretest effects it was necessary to go beyond the Solomon model and consider complex interactions involving numerical aptitude level, pretesting and training. Pretest exposure depressed the posttest performance of trained subjects of medium and low numerical aptitude, while facilitating that of medium level untrained subjects. Pretest exposure had no effect on subjects scoring high in numerical aptitude in either the trained or untrained condition. Possible explanations for the moderating role of numerical aptitude are offered, and implications of the findings are discussed relative to applied organizational evaluation efforts and future research.     

Predictable Mispredictions in the Context of Physical Activity and Sport: A Review

Theoretical models and research that aim to identify antecedents of participation in physical activities or sport can measure antecedents of physical activity behaviour through instruments that involve subjective predictions. In this article, we argue that such instruments may not reflect physical activity experiences or behaviour accurately because people are not very good predictors of future states. Additionally, we propose that mispredictions may be predictable because they are “caused” by tendencies to neglect processes related to hedonic adaptation and competing alternatives. We also suggest that it may be possible to improve measurement of antecedents through methods that focus respondents' attention on factors that cause mispredictions or through experiential sampling methods.