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Carballo Fabricio Dzik Victoria Freidin Esteban Damián Juan Pablo Casanave Emma B. Bentosela Mariana 《Animal cognition》2020,23(2):389-403
Animal Cognition - Rescue behavior is considered a type of pro-social response, defined as a voluntary action directed to benefit another individual who is in a stressful or dangerous situation. In... 相似文献
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It is widely known that gaze plays an essential role in communicative interactions. Domestic dogs tend to look at the human
face in situations of conflict and uncertainty. This study compares the gaze of shelter and pet dogs during acquisition and
extinction phases in a situation involving a reward in sight but out of reach. Even though no significant differences between
the groups were recorded during acquisition, gaze duration decreased in both groups during extinction, with shelter dogs showing
a significant shorter duration. This could be related to their different living conditions and to the fact that through their
ordinary everyday interactions, pet dogs have more opportunities to learn to persist in their communicative responses when
they do not get what they want. These results highlight the relevance of learning experiences during ontogeny, which would
therefore modulate communicative responses. 相似文献
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Sociability and gazing toward humans in dogs and wolves: Simple behaviors with broad implications 下载免费PDF全文
Mariana Bentosela C. D. L. Wynne M. D'Orazio A. Elgier M.A.R. Udell 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2016,105(1):68-75
Sociability, defined as the tendency to approach and interact with unfamiliar people, has been found to modulate some communicative responses in domestic dogs, including gaze behavior toward the human face. The objective of this study was to compare sociability and gaze behavior in pet domestic dogs and in human‐socialized captive wolves in order to identify the relative influence of domestication and learning in the development of the dog–human bond. In Experiment 1, we assessed the approach behavior and social tendencies of dogs and wolves to a familiar and an unfamiliar person. In Experiment 2, we compared the animal's duration of gaze toward a person's face in the presence of food, which the animals could see but not access. Dogs showed higher levels of interspecific sociability than wolves in all conditions, including those where attention was unavailable. In addition, dogs gazed longer at the person's face than wolves in the presence of out‐of‐reach food. The potential contributions of domestication, associative learning, and experiences during ontogeny to prosocial behavior toward humans are discussed. 相似文献
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Barrera Gabriela Alterisio Alessandra Scandurra Anna Bentosela Mariana D’Aniello Biagio 《Animal cognition》2019,22(1):127-131
Animal Cognition - Inhibitory control is a collection of several processes that are aimed to refrain from any impulsive response in the subject during inappropriate situations. Evidence suggests... 相似文献
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Elgier Angel M. Jakovcevic Adriana Mustaca Alba E. Bentosela Mariana 《Animal cognition》2012,15(6):1111-1119
Animal Cognition - Domestic dogs have proved to be extremely successful in finding hidden food following a series of human social cues such as pointing (an extended hand and index finger indicating... 相似文献
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This study compares the performance of two groups of dogs with different levels of social interaction with humans, shelter and pet dogs, in two inhibitory control tasks. (1) In the A-not-B task, dogs were required to resist searching for food in a previously rewarded location, and (2) in the cylinder task, dogs were required to resist approaching visible food directly in favor of a detour reaching response. Our first aim was to evaluate the importance of learning and ontogeny in performing inhibitory tasks. Also, we assessed whether there is a correlation between the two tasks by comparing performance in the same subjects. Results showed significant differences between shelter and pet dogs in the A-not-B task, with poorer performance in shelter dogs. However, no differences were found in the cylinder task. The poorer performance of shelter dogs might be related to their infrequent interaction with humans, which reduces the chances to learn to inhibit certain behaviors. This result would highlight the importance of ontogeny in developing that ability. On the other hand, no correlations were found between the two tasks, which contributes information to the debate about the context specificity of inhibitory control in dogs. 相似文献
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Animal Cognition - Dogs tend to gaze at humans when they are confronted with inaccessible food during an unsolvable task, which is often interpreted as a help requesting behavior. Dogs who... 相似文献
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Esteban Freidin Fabricio Carballo Mariana Bentosela 《International journal of psychology》2017,52(2):163-170
The presence of direct reciprocity in animals is a debated topic, because, despite its evolutionary plausibility, it is believed to be uncommon. Some authors claim that stable reciprocal exchanges require sophisticated cognition which has acted as a constraint on its evolution across species. In contrast, a more recent trend of research has focused on the possibility that direct reciprocity occurs within long‐term bonds and relies on simple as well as more complex affective mechanisms such as emotional book‐keeping, rudimentary and higher forms of empathy, and inequity aversion, among others. First, we present evidence supporting the occurrence of long‐term reciprocity in the context of existing bonds in social birds and mammals. Second, we discuss the evidence for affective responses which, modulated by bonding, may underlie altruistic behaviours in different species. We conclude that the mechanisms that may underlie reciprocal exchanges are diverse, and that some act in interaction with bonding processes. From simple associative learning in social contexts, through emotional contagion and behavioural mimicry, to empathy and a sense of fairness, widespread and diverse social affective mechanisms may explain why direct reciprocity may not be a rare phenomenon among social vertebrates. 相似文献
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