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Kaczmarek Lukasz D. Behnke Maciej Enko Jolanta Kosakowski Michał Guzik Przemysław Hughes Brian M. 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2021,40(7):3272-3283
Current Psychology - Valence and approach-avoidance motivation are two distinct but closely related components of affect. However, little is known about how these two processes evolve and covary in... 相似文献
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Anja C. Zeller Daniela Conrad Anna Schneider Alexander Behnke Anett Pfeiffer Gerrit F. Blum Sarah Wilker Thomas Elbert Iris-Tatjana Kolassa 《Aggressive behavior》2020,46(6):465-475
Individuals who perpetrate violence may likely perceive violence as appealing and infliction of violence to derive pleasure is termed as appetitive aggression. Individuals who were abducted as children into an armed group often experience a higher number of traumatic event types, that is traumatic load and are usually socialized in a violence-endorsing environment. This study aims to investigate the interaction between age at initial abduction with that of traumatic load, and their influence on appetitive aggression along with perpetration of violent acts by former members of an armed rebel group of both sexes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among a target group of formerly abducted rebel-war survivors (including participants with and without combat experience) from Northern Uganda. Participants included 596 women and 570 men with N = 1,166 (Mage = 32.58, SDage = 9.76, range: 18–80 years). We conducted robust linear regression models to investigate the influence of age at initial abduction, traumatic load, combat experience, and biological sex on appetitive aggression as well as their perpetrated violent acts. Our study shows, appetitive aggression and the number of perpetrated violent acts were specifically increased in individuals who were abducted young, experienced several traumatic events in their lifetime, and with previous combat experience. For perpetrated violence men showed increased levels whereas for appetitive aggression the association was independent of biological sex. Therefore, early abducted individuals with a higher traumatic load, who have combat experience, need to be given special intervention to prevent any further violence. 相似文献
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Lukasz D. Kaczmarek Maciej Behnke Todd B. Kashdan Aleksandra Kusiak Katarzyna Marzec Martyna Mistrzak 《The journal of positive psychology》2018,13(5):435-439
Theory and research indicates that individuals with more frequent positive emotions are better at attaining goals at work and in everyday life. In the current study we examined whether the expression of genuine positive emotions by scientists was positively correlated with work-related accomplishments, defined by bibliometric (e.g. number of citations) and sociometric (number of followers for scholarly updates) indices. Using a sample of 440 scientists from a social networking site for researchers, multiple raters coded smile intensity (full smile, partial smile, or no smile) in publicly available photographs. We found that scientists who presented a full smile had the same quantity of publications yet of higher quality (e.g. citations per paper) and attracted more followers to their updates compared to less positive emotionally expressive peers; results remained after controlling for age and sex. Thin-slicing approaches to the beneficial effects of positive emotionality offer an ecologically valid approach to complement experimental and longitudinal evidence. Evidence linking positive emotional expressions to scientific impact and social influence provides further support for broaden and build models of positive emotions. 相似文献
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David C. Randall David R. Brown Laura V. Brown Jay M. Kilgore Marty M. Behnke Samuel K. Moore Karen R. Powell 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1993,28(3):258-269
The objective of these experiments was to quantify the pattern of change in arterial blood pressure (BP) during a discriminative
aversive classical conditioning paradigm in rat using a new “high resolution” computer analysis. Sprague-Dawley rats (n=5)
were restrained in a soft, conical cloth pouch and conditioned using a 6 sec. pulsed tone (CS+) followed by a 0.5 sec. tail
shock; a steady tone, never followed by shock, served as a CS-. BP peaked at 16.4±6.5 mm Hg (mean±SD) above control at 1.5±0.1
sec. after onset of CS+. This “first component” (“C1”) also occurred during CS- (12.1±3.8 mm Hg), although the magnitudes of the two were significantly (p<0.05) different. Another
group of rats (n=8) was treated identically except the tones were 15 seconds long. The conditional BP response consisted of
two components. C1 was reminiscent of that seen using the short tone: for CS+ a peak of 13.6±5.6 mm Hg at 1.5 sec. or, for CS-, of 10.0±4.3
at 1.3 sec. (p<0.05). In CS+ trials BP peaked again (“C2,” 7.4±2.5 mm Hg) at 8.3±1.2 sec. There was no statistically significant C2 for CS- trials, clearly demonstrating discrimination between tones. The unconditional BP response in both groups consisted
of two large, closely spaced peaks in BP. Respiration was recorded in 3 additional rats. After shock delivery these subjects
often showed a sudden shift between (1) a regular respiratory pattern with moderate chest excursion and (2) apneic episodes
interspersed with single, deep breaths. This latter pattern was associated with large, low frequency fluctuations in BP. Continued
development of the rat conditioning paradigm is especially warranted because of the ability to record sympathetic nerve activity
in intact, awake subjects and the large number of readily available genetic strains, which model human pathological states. 相似文献
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Scott W. Plunkett Carolyn S. Henry Linda C. Robinson Andrew Behnke Pedro C. FalconIII 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(6):760-772
Using symbolic interaction, we developed a research model that proposed adolescent perceptions of parental support and psychological
control would be related to adolescent depressed mood directly and indirectly through self-esteem. We tested the model using
self-report questionnaire data from 161 adolescents living with both of their biological parents. To examine possible gender
of adolescent differences, we tested two multigroup models separately for adolescents’ perceptions of mothers’ and fathers’
parental behaviors. Both the fathers’ and mothers’ models yielded (a) direct paths from self-esteem to depressed mood (for
boys and girls), psychological control to depressed mood (for boys) and (b) an indirect path from support to self-esteem to
depressed mood (for girls and boys) and an indirect path from psychological control to self-esteem to depressed mood (for
girls). In addition, in the fathers’ model a significant direct path was found between fathers’ support and depressed mood
(for girls). 相似文献
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This Husserlian transcendental-phenomenological investigation of interkinaesthetic affectivity first clarifies the sense of
affectivity that is at stake here, then shows how Husserl’s distinctive approach to kinaesthetic experience provides evidential
access to the interkinaesthetic field. After describing several structures of interkinaesthetic-affective experience, I indicate
how a Husserlian critique of the presupposition that we are “psychophysical” entities might suggest a more inclusive approach
to a biosocial plenum that includes all metabolic life.
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Elizabeth A. BehnkeEmail: |
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