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Ellen-Marie Forsberg Frank O. Anthun Sharon Bailey Giles Birchley Henriette Bout Carlo Casonato Gloria González Fuster Bert Heinrichs Serge Horbach Ingrid Skjæggestad Jacobsen Jacques Janssen Matthias Kaiser Inge Lerouge Barend van der Meulen Sarah de Rijcke Thomas Saretzki Margit Sutrop Marta Tazewell Krista Varantola Knut Jørgen Vie Hub Zwart Mira Zöller 《Science and engineering ethics》2018,24(4):1023-1034
This document presents the Bonn PRINTEGER Consensus Statement: Working with Research Integrity—Guidance for research performing organisations. The aim of the statement is to complement existing instruments by focusing specifically on institutional responsibilities for strengthening integrity. It takes into account the daily challenges and organisational contexts of most researchers. The statement intends to make research integrity challenges recognisable from the work-floor perspective, providing concrete advice on organisational measures to strengthen integrity. The statement, which was concluded February 7th 2018, provides guidance on the following key issues:
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- § 1.Providing information about research integrity
- § 2.Providing education, training and mentoring
- § 3.Strengthening a research integrity culture
- § 4.Facilitating open dialogue
- § 5.Wise incentive management
- § 6.Implementing quality assurance procedures
- § 7.Improving the work environment and work satisfaction
- § 8.Increasing transparency of misconduct cases
- § 9.Opening up research
- § 10.Implementing safe and effective whistle-blowing channels
- § 11.Protecting the alleged perpetrators
- § 12.Establishing a research integrity committee and appointing an ombudsperson
- § 13.Making explicit the applicable standards for research integrity
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Lexical ambiguity—the phenomenon of a single word having multiple, distinguishable senses—is pervasive in language. Both the degree of ambiguity of a word (roughly, its number of senses) and the relatedness of those senses have been found to have widespread effects on language acquisition and processing. Recently, distributional approaches to semantics, in which a word's meaning is determined by its contexts, have led to successful research quantifying the degree of ambiguity, but these measures have not distinguished between the ambiguity of words with multiple related senses versus multiple unrelated meanings. In this work, we present the first assessment of whether distributional meaning representations can capture the ambiguity structure of a word, including both the number and relatedness of senses. On a very large sample of English words, we find that some, but not all, distributional semantic representations that we test exhibit detectable differences between sets of monosemes (unambiguous words; N = 964), polysemes (with multiple related senses; N = 4,096), and homonyms (with multiple unrelated senses; N = 355). Our findings begin to answer open questions from earlier work regarding whether distributional semantic representations of words, which successfully capture various semantic relationships, also reflect fine-grained aspects of meaning structure that influence human behavior. Our findings emphasize the importance of measuring whether proposed lexical representations capture such distinctions: In addition to standard benchmarks that test the similarity structure of distributional semantic models, we need to also consider whether they have cognitively plausible ambiguity structure. 相似文献
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Julius Jooste Ankebé Kruger Barend J. M. Steyn David J. Edwards 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2016,26(5):477-480
This study explored sport psychology practitioners’ mindfulness in relation to the quality of consulting relationships and value within contemporary practice. A total of 34 sport psychology practitioners from South Africa (n = 22, females = 41%) and the United Kingdom (n = 12, females = 25%) (Private practice = 68%; 15+ years’ experience = 44%) participated in this study. Data were gathered, using the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-SF), Working Alliance Inventory Short-Revised Form (WAI-SRT), and interviews. Spearman’s rank order correlation and thematic content analyses were employed to analyse the data. Higher levels of practitioners’ mindfulness were associated with superior consulting relationships. Specifically, positive correlations were observed between mindfulness attributes of observing, describing, non-reacting ability, and quality of the therapeutic bond, agreement on goals, and agreement on goals and tasks with clients respectively. Thematic analysis suggested mindfulness to facilitate accurate attending to present-moment experiences, and empathetic understanding of clients’ unique needs. 相似文献
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Barend Jan Terwiel 《当代佛教》2019,20(1-2):184-199
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Barend JM Steyn Margaretha H Steyn David JF Maree Clorinda Panebianco-Warrens 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2016,26(2):167-171
This study explored the efficacy of psychological skills and mindfulness training intervention on the psychological wellbeing of undergraduate music students. Participants were undergraduate music students (n = 36) from the Department of Music at a South African university, 21 of whom were elected to take the psychological skills and mindfulness training intervention. Data on their self-reported psychological wellbeing, psychological skills, mindfulness and performance anxiety levels were collected pre-and post-intervention. The analysis applied non-parametric procedures to determine changes in students’ psychological wellbeing after the seven-week intervention programme. Findings suggest improvements in psychological wellbeing, psychological skills, mindfulness and performance anxiety with training. Psychological skills and mindfulness training may have benefits to the psychological wellbeing of music students. 相似文献
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