When Words Are No Longer Necessary: The Gift of Ritual

SUMMARY

This study is an exploration of non-verbal forms of communication which have become ritualised, particularly m the care of people with dementia. Rituals, which are culturally determined, may be inclusive or exclusive; they may lose their meaning or send out mixed messages, but m general they uphold the structure of society. There is a strong link between religion and ritual and for people with dementia, ritual may be extremely important m maintaining their sense of belonging within the community of faith. It looks at some of the issues to be addressed when worshipping with people with dementia.     

Liturgy and drama: a context of catharsis and transcendence?

This article is concerned with the role of liturgy and drama in the life of the Church and especially with regard to church growth. The assumption that traditional liturgy has only a tangential role in mission is questioned by comparing liturgy and drama and their role in evangelism. Christian worship from the fourth century began to be dramatised; this was a process reinforced by allegorical interpretations of the liturgy. That development and the para-liturgical dramas created from the tenth century onwards were in response to evangelistic needs. Mystery plays, the Holy Week liturgy and popular devotion in medieval Christianity in the West tended to focus on the passion of Christ. They were like tragedy in creating an encounter with death which could lead to catharsis and self-transcendence. Parts of the Holy Week liturgy are looked at in that light. The final section of the article deals with the way the liturgy offers an opportunity for corporate and personal renewal both in terms of inward preparation and outward proclamation of the Easter mystery. In these ways liturgy offers a context for an experience of God and can be seen as having an important role to play in church growth.     

谦卑型和自恋型领导:跨文化组织管理的视角

谦卑型领导和自恋型领导的概念差异体现在在自我认识、对待他人态度、动机、情绪、行为方式等方面。并且,谦卑型领导和自恋型领导在管理员工、团队、组织方面分别存在优势和劣势,谦卑型领导和自恋型领导之间存在相互独立且共存的关系。基于跨文化管理的视角,研究显示谦卑型领导和自恋型领导存在潜在的文化差异,且具有不同的形成基础,并在内隐领导理论上存在差异,最后,二者均是文化适应性的结果。未来研究可关注谦卑型领导和自恋型领导内涵的文化特异性、前因变量、研究方法、文化动态建构和文化认同强度等问题。     

Attachment theory within clinical supervision: application of the conceptual to the empirical

Attachment theory, which has demonstrated application in caregiver-child, romantic, and psychotherapeutic relationships, also appears to be supervision relevant. But bad blood between attachment theory and psychoanalysis may well have hampered considering the relevance of attachment theory for psychoanalytic supervision. This project sought to investigate the application of attachment theory to the supervision situation, with the potential implications of our findings for psychoanalytic supervision being considered. Attachment styles, leader–follower dynamics, and attachment-based expectations were explored as predictors of supervisor-trainee working alliance using a prospective, longitudinal study design. Findings revealed the importance of measuring supervision-specific attachment, the particularly problematic nature of supervisee avoidant attachment, and the potential contribution of a leader–follower framework for understanding supervisory attachment. These attachment concepts may well be useful in, and additive for, psychoanalytic supervision practice.     

领导的消极情绪对员工绩效的积极作用

领导情绪对员工绩效有非常重要的影响, 但并非总是遵循“对称假设”。在特定条件下, 领导表达的消极情绪对员工绩效起到积极作用。情绪即社会信息模型(EASI)可以通过情绪表达者、情绪接受者、组织氛围和组织文化四个角度解释这一不对称现象, 但也存在局限性。文章在以往研究的基础上, 从情绪和认知两条路径出发, 对领导情绪和员工绩效间的中介机制及影响因素进行了系统梳理, 并提出了一个整合模型。未来研究应该关注：领导消极情绪表达的时机和程度, 不同类型的消极情绪对员工绩效的影响, 员工情绪反应的差异性。     

Job apathy and work engagement: Moderating influence of perceived leader integrity and spiritual intelligence in a Nigerian mass transit company

This study explored the direct and interactive roles of job apathy, perceived leader integrity, and spiritual intelligence on work engagement among 206 Nigerian employees of a leading mass transit company (females = 33%; mean age = 35.81years, SD = 5.04; mean organisational tenure = 6.27 years, SD = 2.26). Results following moderated hierarchical multiple regression showed that work engagement was lower with job apathy and higher with perceived leader integrity and employee spiritual intelligence. Moreover, employees with a high perception of leader integrity reported being more work engaged, regardless of feeling apathetic about their job, compared to those with a low perception of leader integrity. Perceived leader integrity and spiritual intelligence are important for work engagement in Nigeria’s transportation sector setting.     

权力何以授予：目标理论视角下领导授权行为的形成机制

随着组织所处环境的深刻变化, 如何促进管理者更加积极地表现出授权行为, 成为领导实践和研究的重要议题。现有围绕领导授权行为形成的研究存在理论基础薄弱、“以领导者为中心”倾向突出等不足, 导致其未能很好地解答现实议题。因此, 以目标理论为视角, 并整合性地考察领导者和下属的作用, 以工作团队为研究情境, 对领导授权行为的形成机制进行深入探讨。首先, 通过多案例研究, 探索出促进领导授权行为形成的目标融合类型及其作用过程, 构建出领导授权行为形成机制的理论模型; 其次, 将收集纵向的团队主管下属对子数据, 明确这些目标融合关系对领导授权行为的影响效应; 最后, 将通过进一步数据收集, 对提出的领导授权行为形成机制模型进行整体验证。这将拓宽并加深对领导授权行为形成机制的认识, 从而更好地把握领导授权行为形成的规律, 并有助于企业更好地开展与此相关的管理实践。     

LMX in team-based contexts: TMX,authority differentiation,and skill differentiation as boundary conditions for leader reciprocation

The purpose of the current study is to develop an integrated theoretical model based upon social exchange theory focused on the simultaneous interplay of leader–member exchange (LMX) and team–member exchange (TMX) in team-based contexts. We propose a model that extends current theories related to social exchange by integrating currently independent propositions in the literatures on LMX and TMX, showing how these propositions are contingent on the nature of the team in which leaders and followers are embedded. In a sample of 439 employees on 61 teams, the results show that when it comes to predicting individual performance (a) high TMX quality eliminates the otherwise negative effects of low LMX quality, (b) low authority differentiation weakens the otherwise positive effects of LMX, and (c) high skill differentiation weakens the otherwise positive effects of high LMX quality on performance. We discuss how the role of LMX may be changing in contemporary team-based work contexts relative to what was true in the historical literature when the construct was originally developed.     

The Missional Shape of Worship in Evangelical Lutheran Worship

Abstract : Mission stands out as an orienting concept in ELW unlike its predecessors. ELW has a missional theological framework as well as a practical missional orientation, a situation in which worship and mission are understood and practiced in relation to one another. It is possible that ELW will help congregations claim the missional character of worship.     

领导人员选拔考试方法研究

考试在我国新时期领导人员选拔中起着很重要的作用。本文从如何进一步加强考试方法的研究做了一些探讨,并提出提高领导人员选拔考试水平的方法,即丰富考试方法,提高考试方法的信度和效度,提高考试命题的质量,加强对考试成果的分析等。